Pubdate: Wed, 11 Oct 2000 Source: Timaru Herald (New Zealand) Copyright: 2000 Timaru Herald Contact: PO Box 46 Timaru New Zealand Fax: 64 3 688 1042 Author: Krista Hunter GETTING RELIEF FROM A REEFER The cannabis debate looms large in this country, and here Timaru Herald reporter Krista Hunter speaks to two regular South Canterbury users. Eyes open to greet the morning. He pulls himself from bed to the nearby cupboard. The silver tin holds his morning fix. Tomorrow the same. And the day after. Relentless pain drives the quadriplegic to distraction and cannabis provides the only relief. Across town a mother dresses her two children for school. Ringing in her ears intolerable. She too turns to the green medicine. These two South Canterbury people secretly light up a joint and find an element of relief. They risk criminal conviction in doing so. But this could shortly change as the cannabis debate moves forward with a parliamentary committee to look into the health issues associated with its use. A review of cannabis laws is scheduled during this term of Parliament, with decriminalising the drug the main option up for discussion. That would make it a ticketing offence, like speeding, to be caught with small amounts of the drug. The decriminalisation of cannabis would be welcomed by Allan and Sue (not their real names) who both use marijuana for medicinal reasons. For Allan, cannabis helps him make it through the day. The 31-year-old was crippled in a car accident some years ago. Allan likens the pain in his limbs to arthritis and has tried various prescribed medicines to relieve it. He has been smoking cannabis daily for 10 years. Without the drug the pain becomes unbearable. He has one session in the morning, another in the afternoon as the numbing effects of the first smoke fade. "The cannabis numbs the pain. I don't take enough to feel totally spaced out." Sue has tinnitus - a constant high-pitched ringing in the ears. She regularly smokes cannabis when her condition becomes unbearable and to help with expression. "With tinnitus there is never ever any peace or quiet. Even in the most isolated place there is still the high-pitched ringing." "I can get really wound up with the noises and it's hard to relax. Cannabis lets me relax." Sue also tried traditional medicines before turning to the illegal drug. She favoured cannabis over anti-depressants like Prozac prescribed by her doctor because the latter left her feeling "disconnected". Sue has smoked cannabis for 20 years - daily for half that time. She smoked throughout her two pregnancies and while breast-feeding. "I have two healthy kids, who are very bright and show no signs of attention deficit disorder or any other health or medical problem." Both Allan and Sue started smoking cannabis when they became ill. For them it's not a recreational drug - it's a lifeline. They say decriminalising cannabis would take away its stigma. Cannabis smokers, they believe, have been stereotyped as stupid losers. Sue said making cannabis available would mean she could grow her own and its cost would lessen. A "foil" (foil wrapped package) of cannabis heads (sufficient for three joints) costs around $20. "I have spent thousands of dollars over the years buying cannabis. What's worse is that people have to struggle to make enough money to buy it, as you have to pay what the market demands." Allan too is afraid to grow his own stash for fear of prosecution. "If people use it for medicinal purposes I don't see what's wrong making it." Both scoff at suggestions made by those against decriminalising cannabis that the it leads to harder drugs. CANNABIS - THE FACTS: The medicinal uses prescribed by the cannabis plant are many. Archeological evidence of cannabis dates back more than 8500 years, when it was used in places like China for clothes and rope. A Modern Herbal by Mrs Grieve, published in 1931, said: "The principal use of hemp in medicine is for easing pain and inducing sleep, and for a soothing influence in nervous disorders. It does not cause constipation, nor affect the appetite like opium. "It is useful in neuralgia, gout, rheumatism, insanity, infantile convulsions, insomnia etc. Many of you would have heard that Queen Victoria smoked it for menstrual cramps." Cannabis is now seen by some as the drug plant of the millennium, especially in the use of relieving pain without side-effects that the current synthetic opiate-based pain killers have, and without the drug-addicting aspects of those pain killers. Nearly 70 per cent of New Zealand teenagers will have smoked cannabis by the time they are 21. Effects of the drug vary with each user, the strength of the chemicals in the plant, and whether cannabis is used alone or in connection with alcohol or drugs. A "high" is generally characterised by feelings of well-being and release from inhibitions. Short-term effects include a dream-like effect, sedation and a mild self-hypnosis, making users more likely to exaggerate their mood and react to surroundings. There can be loss of concentration, increased pulse and heart rates, reddening of the eyes, and sharpened appetite. Large amounts of marijuana or prolonged use can cause anxiety reactions, paranoia and occasionally delusions. - --- MAP posted-by: Richard Lake