Pubdate: Sat, 20 May 2000 Source: Moscow Times, The (Russia) Copyright: 2000 The Moscow Times Contact: Ulitsa Pravdy, Dom 24, 125865 Moscow, Russia Fax: (7-095) 937-3393 Website: http://www.moscowtimes.ru/ Author: Nina Schwalbe WE CAN FIGHT AIDS, BUT WE MUST DO IT NOW In response to "The Siberian Side of AIDS," April 29. Editor, In addition to the outbreak in Irkutsk - as described in the aforementioned article - HIV/AIDS has now reached epidemic levels in many regions of Russia. And the outbreak is fueled almost entirely by drug use. What can be done? Providing drug users with clean needles through syringe exchange programs dramatically decreases the spread of HIV and other blood-borne illnesses. Offering drug users methadone treatment is also an effective strategy. In 1998, the Open Society Institute together with MSF-Holland, MDM-France and the Health Ministry began a partnership to develop needle exchange programs. Over 190 participants from more than 60 cities received training, and now there are 29 programs operating throughout the country. The programs provide drug users with the necessary tools and information to reduce drug-related harm. Concerns have been expressed that these activities increase drug use, but ample research shows these fears to be unfounded. For many drug users, harm reduction programs are an important first step toward improved health behavior and the only way to prevent the spread of HIV. There is now a small window of opportunity to act before the HIV epidemic in Russia outpaces the capacity to control it. But the projects OSI currently help are not enough to halt the region's tide of HIV infections. To do so, more national decision-makers, foreign aid agencies, and non-governmental organizations must provide financial and policy support for pragmatic harm reduction strategies. The discussions for a World Bank loan in the area of HIV/AIDS is a crucial beginning, but dealing effectively with the epidemic requires significant regional, federal and international commitment. We have the capability: Needle exchanges and methadone therapy are effective public health interventions. What we don't have is time. Nina Schwalbe, Program Director, Public Health Program, Open Society Institute, Assistance Foundation, Moscow - --- MAP posted-by: greg