Pubdate: Sun, 09 Jul 2000 Source: San Diego Union Tribune (CA) Copyright: 2000 Union-Tribune Publishing Co. Contact: PO Box 120191, San Diego, CA, 92112-0191 Fax: (619) 293-1440 Website: http://www.uniontrib.com/ Forum: http://www.uniontrib.com/cgi-bin/WebX Author: Robert Caldwell, Insight Editor Note: Part 5 of a 6 part special report on the Arellano Felix Cartel HISTORY OF A BLOODY DRUG CARTEL The Arellano brothers were nephews of Miguel Angel Felix Gallardo, a major drug trafficker operating from his base in the Mexican state of Sinaloa. In 1989, Gallardo was imprisoned in Mexico for complicity in the 1985 kidnapping, torture and murder of U.S. DEA agent Enrique "Kiki" Camarena. When Gallardo went to prison, his drug-trafficking empire was divided between his lieutenants. The Arellano brothers got the western part of Gallardo's territory and established their headquarters in Tijuana. That proved an ideal location from which to command the strategic "Plaza" and to monitor U.S. law enforcement, which the Arellanos regarded as the major threat to their operations. The cartel was new but several of the Arellanos were already known to American law enforcement. Benjamin Arellano Felix, his first wife, Maria Esperanza Arellano, and his brother Eduardo were arrested in Downey, Calif., on June 18, 1982 for possession of small quantities of cocaine. They were booked at the Montebello, Calif., Police Department and charged with violating California narcotics law. Despite evidence that they were involved in drug trafficking, charges against the Arellanos were dropped. Police may have been protecting information or the identity of an informant in a more important case. In 1989, Benjamin was indicted in absentia by a federal grand jury in San Diego on charges of drug trafficking, money laundering, racketeering and operating a continuing criminal enterprise. A federal arrest warrant for Benjamin has been on file since then. On Nov. 16, 1999, Benjamin and Ramon Arellano Felix were secretly indicted by a federal grand jury in San Diego. They were charged with 10 counts of drug trafficking, money laundering and promoting crimes of violence. The indictments were unsealed in U.S. District Court here May 11. Francisco Arellano Felix also has a record in the United States. He was arrested in San Diego on Aug. 7, 1980, after delivering 205 grams of cocaine to an undercover U.S. agent. Francisco jumped bail and fled to Mexico. A federal arrest warrant was issued for Francisco in 1980 and pending federal charges include conspiracy to distribute narcotics, possession of narcotics and bail jumping. Francisco has been jailed in Mexico since 1993 for violations of weapons laws. U.S. law enforcement sources and court documents provide the following broad outlines of the Arellano Felix cartel's operations and command structure: Benjamin is the cartel's acknowledged leader. He makes all major decisions. His principal lieutenants currently are his younger brother Ramon and Manuel Aguirre Galindo. Gilberto Higuera Guerrero is ranked in a secondary leadership role. Ramon, who has a reputation for both violence and fast living, allegedly is the Arellano's chief enforcer. He reportedly commands the cartel's numerous hired assassins and its large contingents of heavily armed security men. Aguirre reportedly is a drug trafficker and money launderer. Gilberto Higuera was deputy to his brother, Ismael Higuera Guerrero, who was the cartel's operations director until his arrest by an elite force of Mexican soldiers and police on May 3. Gilberto presumably inherited some but not all of his brother's operational responsibilities. By all accounts, the recent arrests of Ismael Higuera and the cartel's alleged financial mastermind, Jesus "Chuy" Labra Aviles, by Mexican police and security forces were the first serious setbacks dealt the cartel in years. Mexico' s Attorney General Jorge Madrazo and chief anti-narcotics official, Mariano Herran, describe these dramatic actions as part of an all-out offensive against the Arellanos. While the results so far are gratifying, the cartel won't be taken down until Benjamin, Ramon and other family members are apprehended, tried and convicted, and imprisoned. Despite the increased pressure on the Arellanos in recent months, there is no evidence of any diminution in the flow of their cocaine, marijuana, heroin and methamphetamine through the Plaza and into the United States. Despite the best efforts of U.S. law enforcement, and whatever help can be obtained from Mexico, most of the dope still gets through. The drugs go north, the money goes south. The Arellanos remain very much in business. Their criminal empire survives. How long it survives depends on whether the governments on both sides of the border learn from their past failures and then summon the will to act decisively. The U.S. Customs Service's Ed Logan argues for cautious optimism in the fight against the Arellanos. Logan cites two hard-won victories in Colombia's bloody drug war: "Pablo Escobar is dead, the Cali mafia is down. I think the AFO will go down, too, eventually. Only they know what their exit strategy is. "The (Mexicans') arrests of Labra and Ismael Higuera are brave acts we didn't think we would see. That's momentum. Let's let it play out." - --- MAP posted-by: Jo-D