Pubdate: Thu, 07 Jun 2001 Source: Abbotsford News (CN BC) Copyright: 2001 Hacker Press Ltd. Contact: http://www.abbynews.com/ Details: http://www.mapinc.org/media/1155 Author: Judy McGuire Related article: http://www.mapinc.org/drugnews/v01/n983/a05.html?54944 Bookmark: http://www.mapinc.org/find?137 (Needle Exchange) Bookmark: http://www.mapinc.org/hr.htm (Harm Reduction) NEEDLE EXCHANGE PART OF WHOLE PACKAGE Editor, The News: I feel I must respond to Bert Warden's recent letter arguing that the effectiveness of needle exchanges in inhibiting the spread of HIV is in doubt, citing the example of the Vancouver Needle Exchange as proof of his allegation. I'm afraid Mr. Warden has cited a single, dated observation from a large, multi-year research study as proof of a conclusion opposite to that drawn by the researcher herself and stated specifically in other studies. As Mr. Warden rightly noted, Dr. Stephanie Strathdee of the BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, observed in 1996 that 40 per cent of the test group of IV drug users reported borrowing at least one unused needle in the preceding six months and that within a period of eight months, 18.6 per cent of those initially HIV-negative became infected with the virus. This information is correct as far as it goes. Nevertheless, further research within the same study has gone on to support conclusions reached by many other research bodies, including the U.S. Centres for Disease Control, that needle exchanges are very effective in reducing the spread of HIV and other blood-borne pathogens. In fact, a 1999 study paper co-authored by Dr. Strathdee, Dr. Martin Schechter and others specifically concluded: "We found no evidence that this NEP (note: Needle Exchange Program, referring to the Vancouver Exchange) is causally associated with HIV transmission. The observed association should not be cited as evidence that NEP may promote the spread of HIV. By attracting higher risk users, NEP may furnish a valuable opportunity to provide additional preventive/support services to these difficult-to-reach individuals." Over the years, Dr. Strathdee has been very vocal in her support of needle exchanges in general and the Vancouver exchange in particular. There were indeed factors which led to the explosion of HIV infection in Vancouver during the mid-1990s. Among those cited by research were the high prevalence of injected cocaine use and unstable housing within the highest risk population. Further, for more than a year during that period, users were indeed having difficulty getting clean needles when they needed them as the Vancouver Exchange was forced to cut back service due to inadequate funding in the face of increasing demand, much of it coming from users moving to the Lower Mainland as welfare rates were cut in other parts of the country. It is worth noting that current annual infection rates have fallen to approximately four per cent in the highest risk IV-drug-using population - - basically the same infection rate as in 1992. While needle exchange has been conclusively shown to be a necessary part of HIV prevention strategies - one which does not lead to further addiction - it is not a silver bullet and will not, by itself, curtail any epidemic. It is the experience of our exchange that fully 70 per cent of the users we deal with want to get off drugs now. In the absence of sufficient services to meet those needs, needle exchanges provide a crucial means to help keep users healthier long enough to receive help and make the changes in their lives that so many desperately desire. I encourage those living in Abbotsford to look seriously at how you can help the users who live - mostly anonymously - in your midst. Providing needle exchange and the many other services that should go hand in hand with this type of harm reduction can facilitate reaching those needing support in your community. Anonymity and ignorance are the true facilitators of epidemics. Judy McGuire, Manager Downtown Eastside Youth Activities Society Health Outreach Vancouver - --- MAP posted-by: Doc-Hawk