Pubdate: Mon, 10 Oct 2001 Source: Independent, The (CN ON) Copyright: 2001 Conolly Publishing Ltd. Contact: http://www.eastnorthumberland.com/thisweek.html Details: http://www.mapinc.org/media/1596 Author: Tom Philp, The Independent Bookmark: http://www.mapinc.org/mmjcn.htm (Cannabis - Medicinal - Canada) A JOINT AFFAIR: THE SUFFERING FEW WHO LEGALLY POSSESS MARIJUANA For nearly four hours last Friday I sat with seven or eight other people in the kitchen of a Cramahe Township home, immersed in the sweet smelling smoke of "home grown." Smack dab in the middle of what used to be known as tobacco country, these folks were firing up cigarettes of a different kind. This was marijuana ... cannabis, reefer, pot, bud ... and for most of the people in that small room, smoking a joint was not a criminal act. The marijuana being consumed at the house was also grown there. Twenty-four different strains of cannabis as a matter of fact, with exotic names like California Orange, Juicy Fruit, and Blueberry. The table was covered with labelled bags, each earmarked for a particular "customer." The customers are "exemptees," people approved by Health Canada to smoke, drink, or otherwise ingest marijuana for medical purposes. They are HIV/Aids victims, people suffering from cancer and painful, debilitating diseases, and those who have survived serious accident and injury to live their lives in agony. They have found that marijuana helps to relieve their suffering. Thanks to changes in federal legislation introduced earlier this year, these people can now get that relief legally. Section 56 of Canada's Controlled Drugs and Substances Act (CDSA) was amended on July 31 to provide exemptions for approved individuals to possess marijuana for "a medical or scientific purpose." In basic terms, the law states a person can become an exemptee in one of three categories, if medical practitioners agree that all other means of relief have been exhausted, and the doctors also agree that the benefits of using marijuana as a treatment outweigh any risks. Applicants in the first category are terminally ill, with one physician confirming a prognosis of less than 12 months to live. In category three, applicants must have two medical practitioners attest that they suffer from symptoms of a serious medical condition that cannot be relieved through any known conventional treatment. Most exemptees come from the middle category, and suffer from some of society's more debilitating illnesses. AIDS/HIV infection. Multiple Sclerosis. Cancer. Spinal cord injury and disease. Severe forms of Arthritis. Epilepsy. Symptoms can range from seizures, and injuries associated with them, to constant nausea, severe pain, muscle spasms, and anorexia. Category two exemptees have reached the point where popping pills, or ingesting chemical cocktails designed to "kill" their disease, is not working, and the treatment has often become worse than the illness. Joanne Sauve has lived with cancer for 18 years. She has undergone conventional treatments and numerous surgeries, including the removal of tumors from her breasts and neck. She hemorrhages easily, and cannot take pills. Treatments have made her anorexic. Recently she was also diagnosed with fibromyalgia, a painful condition of the muscles, ligaments and tendons. Joanne finds smoking marijuana provides pain relief, and stimulates her appetite, without any side effects of nausea or bleeding. But the cost of using this alternative medicine, in both monetary and social terms, is very high. Exemptees are allowed to possess one month's supply of the drug at any given time. That means a person prescribed a daily dose of 3 grams can hold a maximum of 90 grams of marijuana. Alternately, they are allowed to grow up to seven plants for their own use. Depending on the strain of pot, the harvest yield, and the amount required to provide constant relief from symptoms, the minimum amounts just begin to address the problem, she said. Police continue to view possession of marijuana as a crime, many medical and hospital staff are skeptical, and social workers display open prejudice towards exemptees, she said. For a person suffering from conditions she did not ask to have, Joanne finds those attitudes stressful. "It's a lot of stress, and the more stress I have, the harder it is to get better," she said. "We want to fight our diseases and get better, not fight the government and get worse," Joanne said. Northumberland OPP Drug Squad officer Bill O'Shea is one of those government people who are skeptical. He is against legalizing marijuana for any purpose, but concedes people suffering from serious illnesses may believe pot provides relief. "I am convinced marijuana is a gateway drug for other illegal use," O'Shea said, "but hey, if you are suffering and tell me that blue Smarties ease your pain, who am I to say that blue Smarties don't work for you?" O'Shea is aware that Sauve has contracted with Lady Dyz Helping Hands to grow marijuana for her under Section 56 regulations. He is also aware that Sauve's Cramahe garden has been visited by members of the drug squad, and raided by non-exemptees trying to steal the plants. The legislation stipulates that marijuana grown for medical use must be guarded sufficiently to prevent theft or pilferage. Dianne Bruce, owner of Lady Dyz, has eight feet of wire fence attached to large cedar poles around the perimeter of her 10-metre-square garden. She has five dogs on her property, and over $5,000 worth of video cameras and floodlights to deter thieves. And still they come by night, sneaking through surrounding woods and fields to grab marijuana plants through the fence. Two weeks ago, thieves cut a hole in the wire large enough for a small man to crawl through. Dianne, her partner Jerry, and two volunteers whose mother and aunt is dying from AIDS in Peterborough, now take turns keeping a 24-hour vigil on the patch. "It makes me really angry that these inconsiderate idiots try to steal our medicine," Dianne said. "We pooled our money, we pooled our resources, and we pooled our plants to provide help for a lot of people who are hurting." "These thieves don't understand the damage they are doing to us," said Joanne. "We have to take back our power and control because we get pushed around a lot." While we discussed the cause in the kitchen last week, exemptees phoned Lady Dyz steadily. At last count, Sauve and other licensed people were using the Cramahe base to grow and supply marijuana for 56 exemptees. "Fifty-six for Section 56," beamed Dianne. One of that group is Robin Hoyer, living with AIDS in Burlington, Ontario. Sexually assaulted at the age of 17, Robin was diagnosed HIV-positive the next year. The condition changed to full-blown AIDS ten years later in 1996. Robin believes deeply in a more holistic approach to fighting his disease. He rarely smokes marijuana, and prefers to make tea with his allotment. Among the things he gets from the herb is steady relief from the bowel dysfunction that almost always occurs with AIDS. He uses pot to augment the daily "stay of execution" he gets from a twice-daily regimen of protein inhibitors. "I found while living in California that the ones who were surviving and living better with AIDS were smoking marijuana," Robin said. "It triggers something in the immune system." But the Canadian Medical Association (CMA) says there is no "concrete scientific evidence" to support the therapeutic benefits of using marijuana, and has cautioned physicians against signing documents for exemptees, or people hoping to get Section 56 approval. CMA head Dr. Peter Barrett said federal health minister Allan Rock has "put the cart before the horse" in giving marijuana medical status, putting the onus on physicians to decide who should, or should not be allowed to use the drug. That decision makes doctors "gatekeepers" and Canadian physicians would be advised not to support applications for exemption under Section 56, he said. That's little comfort for Don Erwin, a married man with three children, who lives on disability support in Cobourg. Erwin lived and worked with chronic back pain since herniating a disc in 1983. While doing concrete work five years ago, another disc "basically blew out," he said. "I have gone through surgery for the damage, but it's pretty much 24/7 pain, and it's getting worse," Don said. Don's family doctor has refused to support his application "on legal and ethical grounds" provided by the CMA, he said. That leaves him no alternative but to get grass illegally. "I refuse to be a guinea pig for some giant pharmaceutical company any more," Don said. "I hope to find a sympathetic doctor, but in the meantime the only relief I get is from pot." Drug companies may soon be involved in full-scale production of medical marijuana. The herb's active ingredient, tetrahydracannabinol (THC), is already available over the counter under the names CESAMET (used to counteract nausea in cancer victims), and MARINOL (an appetite inducer for HIV-AIDS patients). But the people gathered together last week have tried the pill forms of THC, stating a 5 mg dose made them too high to function, and was always followed by severe nausea and vomiting. Only by using the plant directly are any therapeutic benefits derived, they said. And legislators also recognize the need to find ways to supply marijuana legally on a larger scale, effectively cutting drug dealers out of the picture. In Flin Flon, Manitoba, the federal government has committed $5.8 million to a commercial marijuana farm located 300 metres below ground in an abandoned mine. After experiments and testing, the first crop is expected to be ready for distribution to exemptees in 2003. In the meantime, Dianne, Joanne and Robin make no apologies to critics of the Section 56 program. "My friends are sick and dying," Dianne said. "I can't turn my back on them." - --- MAP posted-by: Richard Lake