http://www.drugpolicy.org/conference/ Pubdate: Tue, 06 Feb 2001 Source: Hartford Courant (CT) Copyright: 2001 The Hartford Courant Contact: 285 Broad St., Hartford, CT 06115 Fax: (860) 520-6941 Feedback: http://www.hartfordcourant.com/staff/letters.stm Website: http://www.hartfordcourant.com/ Forum: http://chat.courant.com/scripts/webx.exe Author: Amy Pagnozzi, The Hartford Courant Cited: DanceSafe http://www.dancesafe.org/ TLC-DPF http://drugpolicy.org/ Ravedata http://www.ravedata.com/rd/ The Vaults of Erowid http://www.erowid.org/ Lycaeum http://www.lycaeum.org/ Note: The audio of the conference, from TLC-DPF, is available here http://boss.2.navisitestreaming.net/real/2/freeland/dpf/16_dpf010202.smi Bookmarks: http://www.mapinc.org/mdma.htm (Ecstasy) http://www.mapinc.org/raves.htm (Raves) THE SIMPLE SCIENCE OF ECSTASY Before Jessica Malberg co-authored a landmark research study on MDMA in 1998, she knew little more than the rest of us about the drug commonly called Ecstasy. But she'd made a few observations. Up until the mid-'80s, Jessica noted, the press on it was phenomenal. "I'd read about it in The New York Times," recalls Malberg, who was then a New Jersey high school student. "I remember reading that it was a really safe drug." Not just safe. Therapeutic! "Penicillin for the soul" was but one accolade lavished upon this laboratory creation we now damn as deadly. The truth must lie somewhere between. But where? Before its 1985 designation as a Class 1 narcotic, you almost never heard of Ecstasy hurting anyone; indeed, such cases were few until recently. "It's only in the last five years or so that all of these deaths of kids taking it have been reported," notes Malberg. On Friday in San Francisco she was one among a panel of experts struggling to agree about what "facts" are really known about MDMA. Malberg was attending a scientific conference titled "The State of Ecstasy," sponsored by the California Society of Addiction Medicine and the San Francisco District Attorney's Office, among other organizations. Malberg, a post-doctoral associate in Yale's molecular psychiatry lab, talked about her landmark 1998 MDMA study under Lewis Seiden at the University of Chicago: Ecstasy's neurotoxicity in rats under varied environmental conditions. The higher they raised the temperature of the laboratory, the more severe the damage was to the brain cells that release seratonin - a neuro-transmitting hormone in your brain. These were exactly the same brain cells neurologist George Ricaurte concluded could be damaged long-term by MDMA in recent trials on animals and humans. Malberg and Seiden's results seem to indicate heat may be the determinant factor in whether they are. Rats aren't teenagers, of course. Scientists couldn't ethically subject teenagers to such hazardous conditions. The rats ingested 40 times the average recreational dose. They all died of heat stroke. Ah, but rave promoters operate outside such restrictions. "Over 100 people have died after taking Ecstasy at rave parties," according to the nonprofit organization DanceSafe. Not from overdose - heat stroke. "It can happen even if you only have one tablet," notes DanceSafe. It's simple science. Ecstasy's part psychedelic, part amphetamine. Stimulants cause body temperature to rise. Taken in a hot setting (a rave), it rises more. Dance, it goes still higher. "A lot of the promoters turn off the taps at raves and sell bottles of $6 water," notes Malberg. "Plus," she says, "even a small amount of the cough medicine DXM," which often adulterates "E", interferes "with your ability to sweat." Most ravers aren't aware overheating isn't one of the drug's "normal" effects - or that it's largely preventable no matter what else is going on. More than 100 lives snuffed out: not from Ecstasy or raves or even heat stroke. From enforced ignorance! Dress sparely, drink a pint of water each hour, sit out some songs and, if you feel the least bit warm, go outside for a breather. That's all they needed to know. Nobody told them because nobody can. America's sons and daughters die at raves, subjects of a covert clinical trial, courtesy of the feds. It's rhetoric I speak, but not unjust rhetoric. Prevention is the sole mandate of modern drug education. So long as a program receives federal funds, teens receive scare-tactic admonitions on how to remain drug-free - and no advice on how to stay alive if they don't. "There is no information on how to reduce risks, avoid problems or prevent abuse," says Marsha Rosenbaum of the Lindesmith Center-Drug Policy Foundation, which hosted the "State of Ecstasy." Just telling a kid to wait until he comes down before driving can run you afoul for acknowledging a model other than 24/7 sobriety. Kids desperately want the straight dope, absent of propagandizing. When Malberg was doing her Ecstasy research, the questions from kids never ceased. "Even young teenagers were very curious. They wanted the science. They came to me because I wasn't their teacher or DARE counselor," she says. Not only did they locate relevant abstracts of journal articles she pointed them toward, they returned with more questions, having read them. "Kids really understand this information when you're not dumbing down science and exaggerating the risks," Malberg said. There was a good measure of teens in the conference and even more listening to the live webcast, I would suppose. I couldn't connect, myself. The live feed's capacity was gridlocked for nine hours, owing to an announcement at www.ravedata.com and other sites frequented by youths. Afterward, it became a hot chat group topic, though it never usurped the case of the Colorado girl who went into a coma on her 16th birthday after taking a single clover-shaped Ecstasy tab. The kids are really sweating about that. Message No. 23446 on the cannibas.com bulletin boards, posted by jimmy420 in reply to "Girl in Colorado dead from E" from Too Stoned To Type: Jimmy420 told Too Stoned, "Again I refer to erowid," posting the link: www.erowid.org/chemicals/mdma/mdma.shtml. The Vaults of Erowid. I knew of this nonprofit Web site - and knew that kids also use it as a resource for risk-reduction information about drugs, along with www.lycaeum.org, a site with similar files. Clicking on the Erowid link takes you to: "Caution: Ecstasy tablets bearing the Mitsubishi logo and containing PMA (a similar, but more dangerous chemical than MDMA), have been found in many areas of the U.S. It is believed that more than eight deaths have occurred as the result of ingestion of these pills. "Also ... continue to be careful about purchasing or using 'green triangles' and 'clover' shaped tablets which are being sold as MDMA but are, in many cases, actually DXM." The caution was posted two months before the Boulder girl's Sweet Sixteen. Was her tablet tainted? We don't know yet. Would she have heeded such a warning, had she received it? Maybe or maybe not - but surely she could have been given that chance. - --- MAP posted-by: Richard Lake