Pubdate: Fri, 25 Oct 2002
Source: Reuters (Wire)
Copyright: 2002 Reuters Limited
Author: Alison McCook
Bookmark: http://www.mapinc.org/find?143 (Hepatitis)

HEPATITIS C MAY NOT PROGRESS AS OFTEN AS BELIEVED

The chances of eventually developing cirrhosis or another serious liver 
disease from hepatitis C virus (HCV) may be lower than many experts 
believe, according to a computer simulation based on US liver disease 
statistics.

"The news would be better if we could reliably predict which patients will 
and which will not progress quickly, which is not possible at this time," 
said study coauthor Dr. Joshua A. Salomon of the World Health 
Organization.  As such, doctors must still face the difficult decision of 
when to put which patients on potentially toxic medications to slow the 
infection's damage to the liver, Salomon said.

Salomon added that many previous estimates of when HCV patients can expect 
to develop liver disease have been based on patients who have already been 
diagnosed with liver disease. Patients who come to doctors because they are 
sick will most likely progress more quickly, the researcher noted, while 
those who are healthy enough to remain in the general population may stay 
disease-free for longer periods.

In the current study, "Empirically Calibrated Model of Hepatitis C Virus 
Infection in the United States," published in the Oct. 15 American Journal 
of Epidemiology (2002; 156:761-773), Salomon and colleagues designed a 
computer simulation of the US population that could predict when different 
HCV patients would develop liver disease, then tweaked it until its results 
matched current data registries and national surveys. The investigators 
discovered that the model that best matched what is seen in real HCV 
patients was one in which they had a relatively low rate of developing 
liver disease.

"Because the disease progresses so slowly in some people, they are likely 
to reach an old age and die from something else before their hepatitis C 
infections ever progress to serious liver disease such as cirrhosis or 
cancer," Salomon explained. For example, past studies have suggested that 
people infected with the virus in their 20s might develop cirrhosis 
anywhere from 20 to 38 years later. The new calculation suggested that half 
of men infected at age 25 would develop cirrhosis within the next 46 years 
and that fewer than 30 percent of women infected at this age "would ever 
develop cirrhosis," according to the report.

However, each individual is different, Salomon noted. "The fact that many 
infected people will not progress to cirrhosis should be one of several 
important considerations in individual decisions about whether or not to 
start treatment, along with the costs, potential side effects, and limited 
effectiveness of available therapies," said Salomon.