Pubdate: Wed, 10 Jan 2001
Source: New York Times (NY)
Section: International
Copyright: 2001 The New York Times Company
Contact:  http://www.nytimes.com/
Details: http://www.mapinc.org/media/298
Author: Juan Forero
Bookmark: http://www.mapinc.org/coke.htm (Cocaine)

COLOMBIA SAYS TALKS HAVE FAILED, AND REBELS GET ULTIMATUM

GUAYAQUIL, Ecuador --- President Andres Pastrana of Colombia announced 
tonight that peace negotiations with the country's largest rebel group had 
stalled, and he gave the guerrillas 48 hours to withdraw from a huge 
demilitarized zone the government ceded to them during three years of talks.

Although Mr. Pastrana, speaking on national television, did not rule out 
negotiations in the future, the armed forces went on high alert and were 
awaiting orders to dislodge the guerrillas from the safe zone, an area the 
size of Switzerland in southern Colombia.

Rebels of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia, or FARC, angrily 
denied they had walked away from the peace talks.

But the president, in the strongest words he has used against the FARC, 
said that the rebels "continue placing obstacles in the way of the peace 
process, making it impossible to go forward." It was a stunning turnabout 
for Mr. Pastrana, who had staked his presidency on ending the brutal 
37-year conflict.

"To negotiate, you need two," Mr. Pastrana said, "and the sad reality is 
that the FARC does not want to continue negotiating."

The rupture in the talks seemed likely to bring a quick escalation in a 
conflict that pits Colombia's American-backed military against Latin 
America's oldest and most powerful insurgency, a group with 17,000 members.

Bush administration officials have questioned Mr. Pastrana's efforts to 
reach agreement with an organization they accuse of growing rich from the 
cocaine trade. The United States gave Colombia more than $1.1 billion in 
2000 for its battle against drugs.

The rebels, speaking earlier today from the hamlet of Los Pozos deep in 
guerrilla-held territory, angrily denied that they had acted to break off 
the talks, which had started up again in recent days after weeks of bickering.

Raul Reyes, a leading guerrilla commander and spokesman, read a statement 
to reporters in which he accused the government of lying.

At 6 p.m., hours before Mr. Pastrana's announcement, Mr. Reyes, sitting 
alone at the negotiating table in Los Pozos, said the rebels would not 
leave the demilitarized zone until Jan. 20 at the earliest, the date Mr. 
Pastrana had set to decide the future of the zone.

"We are now depending on the government," Mr. Reyes said, "but the FARC has 
not gotten up from the negotiating table."

Many Colombians doubt that the guerrillas will leave the demilitarized zone 
without a fight. And they feared that conflict might erupt across the nation.

"What is worrisome is what can happen in the rest of the country," said 
Armando Borrero, who served as national security advisor to Mr. Pastrana's 
predecessor, Ernesto Samper. He predicted that the FARC would launch an 
offensive outside the safe haven to take pressure off rebels withdrawing 
from the zone.

In recent months, the army had stepped up its patrols around the safe zone 
and imposed new restrictions on access into the area. Those operations 
became especially visible after the Sept. 11 attacks in the United States 
and the hardening of world opinion against armed insurgencies.

Military and government officials started calling the rebels "terrorists," 
rather than "bandits" or "criminals," as had been the practice. Foreigners 
were banned from the region when three members of the Irish Republican Army 
were arrested after visiting the FARC

The rebels began to chafe under the new restrictions and demanded that the 
government pull back its forces.

Camilo Gomez, the government's top peace negotiator, said earlier today 
that the government had continuously offered "proposals and alternatives" 
in talks, but that the FARC insisted on discussing only the new military 
controls.
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