Pubdate: Wed, 26 Feb 2003
Source: AlterNet (US Web)
Copyright: 2003 Independent Media Institute
Contact:  http://www.alternet.org/
Details: http://www.mapinc.org/media/1451
Author: Ann Harrison

POT JURORS SAY THEY RECEIVED OUTSIDE LEGAL ADVICE

Lawyers for convicted medical marijuana grower Ed Rosenthal say he is 
entitled to a new trial because two jurors in the case received outside 
legal advice that compromised their ability to make an impartial judgment.

Jurors Marney Craig and Pamela Klarkowski have been subpoenaed by 
Rosenthal's attorneys, who today presented U.S. District Judge Charles 
Breyer with evidence of juror misconduct.

Judge Breyer repeatedly admonished the jurors to judge the case according 
to federal law, and consider only the evidence presented in court. But 
Craig has revealed that during the trial, she contacted a friend who is a 
practicing attorney. Craig believes that her decision to seek his advice 
was not improper because she revealed no details about the case, and asked 
a narrow question about a point of law.

"I simply asked him if I had to follow the judge's instructions, or if I 
had any leeway at all for independent thought," said Craig in declaration. 
"His answer was that I definitely did have to follow the judge's 
instructions, and that there was absolutely nothing else that I could do."

Craig said that her friend, whom she declined to name, further warned her 
that she could get into trouble if she strayed from the judge's 
instructions. She passed this information on to Klarkowski, who said in her 
declaration that the two women had discussed whether past cases challenged 
the law.

Craig and Klarkowski later voted with their fellow jurors to convict 
Rosenthal on three federal counts of marijuana cultivation and conspiracy. 
Rosenthal remains free on a $200,000 cash bond, but faces a mandatory 
minimum sentence of five years in federal prison when he is sentenced in June.

"In order for a new trial to be warranted, we simply have to show there is 
a reasonable possibility that the independent judgment, or freedom of 
action, of one or more of the jurors was affected in some way," said 
Rosenthal attorney Joe Elford. "We have met that standard because Marney 
Craig was given what we consider to be erroneous legal advice which 
suggested she would get into trouble if she refused to convict."

The defense team has until March 14 to present a motion for a new trial. 
But when Rosenthal's attorneys alerted Judge Breyer of potential juror 
misconduct on February 20th, he gave the defense just three business days 
to produce evidence of impropriety, and reasons for requesting hearing to 
determine if the information warranted a new trial. Government prosecutors 
now have until March 5 to respond. The San Francisco U.S. Attorney's Office 
declined to comment on the potential impact of juror prejudice in the case. 
But the government must show beyond a reasonable doubt that the jurors are 
lying, or that the extraneous influence or improper contact was harmless.

Craig confirms that the advice she received during the trial did affect her 
actions in the courtroom. She said she was upset to discover after the 
verdict that she had the power to reject the judge's instructions, and vote 
to acquit Rosenthal if she felt the law itself was unjust. She said she 
wished someone had told her about the right to jury nullification.

"Had I known that it existed, I think it would have given me the confidence 
to pursue other options both in my own mind, and in deliberations talking 
to other jurors," said Craig from her home in Novato, California. "I think 
we might not have been able to come up with a unanimous verdict, I think it 
is entirely likely."

Craig says she sought her friend's advice because while Rosenthal was 
accused of conspiring with a medical marijuana club, Judge Breyer forbade 
the issue of medical marijuana to be presented at trial. Craig said in her 
declaration that this left her feeling "frustrated and confused."

"We don't condone what the jurors did," said Rosenthal attorney Bill 
Simpich. "But at the same time, we are deeply sympathetic that they are 
torn between conscience and duty, and in that vein we feel we have a right 
to a new trial given this unparalleled situation."

Craig and Klarkowski were among the seven jurors who later said they were 
misled when Judge Breyer blocked the defense from explaining that Rosenthal 
was growing medical cannabis under California's Compassionate Use Act 
(Prop. 215). Judge Breyer ruled that because all cannabis cultivation is 
illegal under federal law, Rosenthal's motivations for growing the 
marijuana were irrelevant. Jurors said they were outraged to discover after 
the trial that Rosenthal had been deputized by the City of Oakland, 
California to grow medical cannabis for patients.

During Rosenthal's trial, his attorneys filed a series of motions citing 
other grounds for a new trial. These included Judge Bryer's rejection of 
federal immunity provisions granted to Rosenthal, and the judge's refusal 
to permit testimony from DEA supervisor Mike Heald.

But Elford said the defense alerted Judge Breyer to the juror misconduct 
because they wanted to separate this argument from others. He expressed 
concern that Judge Breyer will decide the issue before the defense has an 
opportunity to fully brief it in their motions for a new trial. If Judge 
Breyer rules that the evidence of juror impropriety does not support a new 
trial, Elford says all defense motions will be presented to the Ninth 
Circuit Court of Appeals.

In the meantime, Elford says the defense has no scheduled reply or oral 
arguments to respond to the government's interpretation of the juror's 
actions. But he says the defense will cite numerous cases in both the Ninth 
Circuit and the U.S. Supreme Court where outside influence on jurors 
overturned convictions and resulted in new trials. "The jury misconduct 
issue is by far the strongest grounds for a new trial," said Elford. "The 
other issues that have already been raised have been denied by the court."
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