Pubdate: Mon, 29 Nov 2004 Source: Berkshire Eagle, The (Pittsfield, MA) Copyright: 2004 New England Newspapers, Inc. Contact: http://www.berkshireeagle.com/ Details: http://www.mapinc.org/media/897 Author: Gail Gibson, The Baltimore Sun Bookmark: http://www.mapinc.org/mmj.htm (Cannabis - Medicinal) SUPREME COURT POT CASE MAKES UNLIKELY BEDFELLOWS Tough-on-crime Alabama could never be accused of going easy on marijuana users. State law allows people convicted three times on simple possession charges to face a sentence of 15 years to life. Any defense claims of medicinal use are flatly rejected. But with the U.S. Supreme Court set to hear arguments today in a California case that medical marijuana advocates view as a critical test for their cause, they have found an unlikely ally in Alabama and its equally resolute argument that the federal government should not meddle in state laws. "We take this stuff seriously, and we happen to believe as a matter of [drug] policy that the Californians are wrong, and the feds are right," Kevin C. Newsom, Ala-bama's solicitor general, said in a recent interview. "But we're here to articulate the state's long-term interest -- and the state's long-term interest is in Congress' powers being maintained within appropriate boundaries." And so Alabama forged an un-likely legal alliance. The state filed a friend of the court brief on behalf of two California women, Angel McClary Raich and Diane Monson, who won a court injunction last year blocking the federal government from prosecuting individuals who use, grow or possess marijuana for medical reasons in accordance with California's 1996 ballot initiative, the Compas-sionate Use Act. In its decision from last Dece-mber, the San Francisco-based 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals -- which gave conservative-leaning states such as Alabama fits with an earlier decision that the phrase "under God" should be removed from the Pledge of Allegiance -- said federal interstate commerce laws should not apply if the drug was not sold, transported across state lines or used for nonmedicinal reasons. The federal government appealed. In papers filed with the Supreme Court, acting Solicitor General Paul D. Clement argued that carving out a loophole for medical marijuana in drug policy enforcement "undermines Con-gress' intent to regulate the drug market to protect public health and safety." "Marijuana that is grown, distributed and then possessed for personal 'medical' consumption can also, at any step, be sold or distributed for others," he said. How the Supreme Court rules in Ashcroft v. Raich could have broad implications for the future of the medical use of marijuana. Ten years ago, California was the first state to allow sick patients to medicate themselves with marijuana. Eleven other states now have similar laws -- including Montana, where voters adopted a medical marijuana law by a wide margin in this month's elections as they also voted to re-elect President Bush and ban gay marriage. Voters in two cities -- Ann Arbor, Mich., and Columbia, Mo. -- also adopted medical marijuana provisions this month. In Ann Arbor, the measure was called into question almost immediately after the city attorney said state and federal laws banning all marijuana use would continue to control. A similar clash between local and federal control is at the core of the case before the Supreme Court. And that is where Alabama enters the debate, firmly on the side of local control. "Whether California and the other compassionate-use states are 'courageous' -- or instead profoundly misguided -- is not the point," Alabama Attorney Gen-eral Troy King wrote in his friend of the court brief, which was joined by attorneys general from two other Southern states, Loui-siana and Mississippi. "While [the three] states may not see eye to eye with some of their neighbors concerning the wisdom of decriminalizing marijuana possession and use in certain instances, they support their neighbors' prerogative in our federalist system to serve as 'laboratories for experimentation,' " King said in his brief, quoting a leading Supreme Court decision from 1995 on states' rights. Randy Barnett, a Boston Uni-versity law professor and former Cook County, Ill., prosecutor, will argue Raich's case before the court. In an interview, he acknowledged the unlikely bedfellows of conservative states like Alabama and left-leaning pro-marijuana groups also backing his side. "This case stands for the proposition that federalism is not just for conservatives," Barnett said. "It shows the principled nature of the claim we're making." The court in recent years has challenged the federal government's centralized authority in a number of cases by striking down congressional acts it views as intruding on what should be the realm of the states. In the 1995 case cited in Alabama's filing, the court rejected a federal law that prohibited possessing a gun near a school be-cause the crime had no effect on interstate commerce. In the court's only previous ruling on medical marijuana three years ago, it said that federal drug laws outlawing marijuana make no exceptions for dispensing the drug for medical use and rejected the appeals of an Oakland, Calif., cannabis cooperative that the federal government had sued to shut down. - --- MAP posted-by: Derek