Pubdate: Tue, 02 Aug 2005 Source: Houston Chronicle (TX) Copyright: 2005 Houston Chronicle Publishing Company Division, Hearst Newspaper Contact: http://www.chron.com/ Details: http://www.mapinc.org/media/198 Author: Robert Crowe Bookmark: http://www.mapinc.org/meth.htm (Methamphetamine) MEXICAN CARTELS MOVE INTO METH Restrictions On Pseudoephedrine Sales Driving U.S. 'Cooks' Out Of Lucrative Market After Mark Dewayne Ruiz left prison following a two-year stint for possessing methamphetamine, it didn't take long for the drug to pull the Montgomery County man back into the criminal justice system. In June 2004, four months after his release, Ruiz was arrested again and charged with intent to distribute methamphetamine. Unlike his first conviction, which investigators believe was linked to a local meth laboratory, Ruiz's latest conviction was tied to a lab in Mexico. His case illustrates why methamphetamine abuse is likely to be a continuing headache for law enforcement and social service agencies despite a new law restricting sales of cold medication containing pseudoephedrine, a key ingredient used to manufacture the drug in local makeshift labs. Repeat offenders like Ruiz are now looking to Mexican drug connections to buy the highly addictive crystalline drug known as "speed," "ice" and "crystal." "Most of the meth cases we were used to working (in the Houston area) involved meth manufactured locally," said John Patrick Smith, the assistant U.S. attorney who secured convictions this spring against Ruiz and 15 other people involved in a drug conspiracy. "In this case, we had people from Montgomery County who were connected to local meth manufacturers, but then they started getting it from people in Mexico." No longer a niche drug market controlled by biker gangs or rural "meth cooks" setting up labs in shacks or trailers, the meth trade now is ruled by cartels that manufacture 50 percent to 80 percent of this country's meth in Mexico and California, according to U.S. Drug Enforcement Agency statistics. The cartels manufacture meth in bulk quantities in "super labs" by smuggling tons of pseudoephedrine-based pills to Mexico from factories in Europe, India and Asia. Some experts predict that the cartels will increase Mexican meth production to meet demand left by the new law's squeezing of domestic makers. "Methamphetamines are the new frontier in drug trafficking," Jose Luis Santiago Vasconcelos, Mexico's top anti-narcotics prosecutor, said in a recent news conference. Texas officials hope that even if the new law doesn't reduce meth use, it reduces problems directly associated with makeshift labs including the potential for explosions and exposure to toxic chemicals. Texas is among 30 states to restrict pseudoephedrine sales in retail stores. Under the Texas law, retailers now must place cold pills containing pseudoephedrine behind counters. Consumers are limited to buying no more than two packages after signing a form and showing identification. Compliance varied on Monday. Pharmacies had removed the drug from open shelves weeks ago, but some small retailers said they weren't aware of the new law. Miguel Salazar, an intern at Bradley Center Pharmacy, said his store put the pills behind counters after receiving notice from the Texas Board of Pharmacy weeks before the law became effective. "We haven't seen anyone yet come in for the pills, but we mostly sell those in the winter and spring," he said. A manager of a downtown convenience store with a pseudoephedrine medication available over the counter said she didn't know about the law. Convenience stores and other retailers that sell cold medication must now apply for a certificate of authority from the Texas Department of State Health Services to sell pseudoephedrine-based pills. Karen Tannert, the agency's chief pharmacist, said the state has left it up to wholesalers to make retailers aware of the new law. Only 300 of the state's 35,000 estimated retailers have applied for the certification. "Judging from what we're hearing, many will opt not to carry the medication because they feel the profit from the sale is not worth the hassle," she said. Oklahoma was the first state to pass restrictions. Since Oklahoma's law took effect in April 2004, drug enforcement officers report a 70 percent to 90 percent decrease in meth lab seizures. Though officials with the Oklahoma Narcotics Bureau say the law was not designed to curb meth use, some say that fewer people are using because it is harder to get ingredients to make the drug. "This law was not about stopping meth. It was about stopping meth labs," said Mark Woodward, narcotics bureau spokesman. "But I still think users are not running around and switching to Mexican meth because they cannot afford it." Woodward said an addict who makes meth for personal use can do it for the cost of ingredients, about $43 an ounce. Mexican meth, he said, costs up to $1,500 an ounce on the street, because it includes smuggling costs and profit for various levels of dealers. DEA and Texas Department of Public Safety officials have seized record amounts of meth in the past year. In May, Ruiz and 14 others pleaded guilty to various felony offenses associated with a meth trafficking operation. Ruiz, 25, was only a small-time buyer. At the top was Juan Martinez, a Mexican national with the aliases of Agustin Chavez-Rodas and "Saul," whom federal prosecutors say arranged to manufacture the drug in Michoacan, Mexico, then smuggled it about a kilogram at a time across the border. Old women with concealed meth packages would travel from Mexico by bus to Houston and Dallas, said Smith, the federal prosecutor. Martinez, Ruiz and the other defendants are in the Federal Detention Center downtown as they await sentencing in October. Ruiz declined to comment, but his lawyer, Robert Fickman, said he has noticed the growing trend of Mexican meth operations. "Where you historically had large cases involving heroin and crack, now we're seeing more large meth conspiracies," he said. Another Montgomery County man in the case, Terry Hidalgo, the only person to go to trial, was convicted of a conspiracy to trade his New Caney home for $171,000 in Mexican meth. In a recent interview at the detention center, Hidalgo insisted he is innocent of that transaction, but he acknowledged using meth for two years before his arrest and was aware of the growing presence of Mexican meth. "Once that Michoacan connection came about it started in a Houston cantina that stuff was all over Montgomery County," he said. Hidalgo, 51, a former truck driver, said he purchased $50 to $100 of meth every week to help him stay alert. "From time to time I would use it to fudge; you know, cheat, get extra endurance," he said. Methamphetamine use has been portrayed largely as a rural issue, but urban "recreational" use is on the rise, said Houston Police Department Investigator Robert DiMambro, who works with the Texas Department of Public Safety's Methamphetamine Initiative Group. "In my past association with meth, I believe people were afraid of it and preferred the pretty or preppy cocaine," he said. "Now there is no fear and the pretty people are doing meth." Dudley Althaus contributed to this story. SIDEBAR: BEHIND THE COUNTER Some of the brand-name cold medications containing pseudoephedrine: Sudafed Tylenol Cold Advil Cold Drixoral Benadryl Allergy & Cold Robitussin Cold Sinus & Congestion Various generic brands Source: U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration - --- MAP posted-by: Jay Bergstrom