Pubdate: Tue, 20 Sep 2005 Source: San Jose Mercury News (CA) Copyright: 2005 San Jose Mercury News Contact: http://www.mercurynews.com/ Details: http://www.mapinc.org/media/390 Author: Daniel Cooney, Associated Press Bookmark: http://www.mapinc.org/women.htm (Women) VOTING HAILED, BUT AFGHANISTAN PROBLEMS REMAIN From women in burqas in former Taliban strongholds to impoverished desert nomads, Afghans embraced the chance to vote in the final formal step toward democracy. But the country still faces a myriad of threats, from a reinvigorated insurgency to rampant drug production and power-hungry warlords. Turnout for Sunday's legislative elections was lower than many hoped, taking a little of the luster off the historic day. Still, the rebels' failure to make good on threats to subvert the vote was a major boost to efforts to bring peace nearly four years after U.S.-led forces drove the Taliban from power. "For the millions of Afghans who turned out to vote, this was a significant . . . advance on the road to democracy," U.S. Ambassador Ronald Neumann told reporters in Kabul. "Four years ago, the Taliban were here and women were being stoned to death . . . and now you have women running polling centers and women voting." He cautioned that the vote should not be seen as a signal that the United States and other countries can turn their back on Afghanistan and start to send home the 20,000 soldiers in the American-led coalition and 11,000 NATO peacekeepers. "The international community is going to have to stay involved for a long time," Neumann said. Washington and other governments have spent billions of dollars to foster a civic system after a quarter-century of conflict to ensure Afghanistan is never again a staging post for Al-Qaida and other terrorist groups. But a wave of insurgent attacks that has killed more than 1,200 people in the six months leading up to the ballot underlines the threat that remains. Although the Taliban failed to do anything spectacular to disrupt voting, there are no signs that its rebellion is waning. Many people had hoped that a massive voter turnout would marginalize the insurgents by demonstrating public support for an elected government. Security fears have been further inflamed by the refusal of some warlords responsible for much of the bloodshed during the 1990s civil war to demobilize their militias and disarm. A few of these regional warlords were permitted to run in the elections. A booming business in growing opium poppies is seen as a major threat. Afghanistan produces 87 percent of the world's supply, sparking warnings that it could become a "narco-state." Fighting near-universal poverty is another urgent challenge. Frustrations have grown over the pace of reconstruction, with many regions still lacking roads, schools and clinics. Chief electoral officer Peter Erben said reports from about one-third of the polling stations suggested about 6 million people cast ballots, about 50 percent of those who registered. The figure is significantly lower than the 70 percent recorded when Hamid Karzai won a euphoric presidential election last October. - --- MAP posted-by: Elizabeth Wehrman