Pubdate: Thu, 27 Oct 2005 Source: Napanee Guide (CN ON) Copyright: 2005 OSPREY Media Group Inc. Contact: http://www.napaneeguide.com Details: http://www.mapinc.org/media/3980 Author: Jane Brunton Bookmark: http://www.mapinc.org/find?241 (Methamphetamine - Canada) Bookmark: http://www.mapinc.org/meth.htm (Methamphetamine) CRYSTAL METH STILL CAUSING THE SAME OLD PROBLEMS Ice is not a lot of things. It is not the sparkly, cold cubes you put in your drink. It is not new. It is not good for you. It most definitely is not cool. Ice, sometimes known as crystal meth, meth, speed, chalk, fire or jib, is crystalline and ranges in color through white, yellow, brown and red. Its technical name is methamphetamine or MA. But ice by any other name, unlike the rose, is not sweet. Amphetamine-type stimulants were first synthesized in the 1880s. In 1919, the Japanese added a methyl group to the amphetamine and this combination became known as methamphetamines. MA is twice as toxic as the original amphetamine and its effects last longer -- sometimes for 24 hours. Some say the Kamikaze pilots used these drugs: it is almost certain that Hitler's erratic behaviour stemmed from his heavy usage of them. What ice is, is cheap, rapidly stimulating, appetite suppressing, sleep depriving and, oh, so very versatile. Ice or crystal is a more potent re-crystallized powdered form of the drug. Base, paste, wax or point is a waxy form. Yaba, available in tablet form is MA combined with caffeine. Depending on the form, the user can snort it, smoke it, inject it, or pop it. By releasing large amounts of the neurotransmitter, dopamine, MA usage enhances mood and body movement. New users feel euphoric and intellectually expanded. It appeals to intravenous drug users, party drug users, students, athletes, waiters, long-distance drivers, software programmers and others who wish to stay awake for extended periods while sustaining their ability to perform. It can heighten sexual experience, encourage weight loss and support a hip anti-social image among users. If it is sounding like pretty attractive stuff you should know that it can kill you. Before the dangers were known, Canada marketed it in the 1930s as a decongestant. Even in the 1950s and 60s amphetamines were available by prescription for appetite suppression. Although it is no longer legally available, it is widely available illicitly. Because ice can be made with common ingredients a mom-and-pop lab operation might be producing it right next door to you. These operations often go undetected until a fire or an explosion occurs. A small lab can produce about an ounce from a single cook. It may not sound like much but it is equal to about 110 hits. The cost varies depending on where you live. MA use can become chronic because of its accessibility and the way it makes the user feel initially. At first, it produces a positive reaction but depression sets in due to the suppression of normal production of dopamine. The user physically requires more of the drug to return to normal. This binge/crash cycle leads to loss of control over the drug and the addiction. The most comprehensive and current Canadian study, the 2004 Canadian Addictions Survey (CAS), paints a portrait of alcohol and other drug use among Canadians 15 and older. It revealed that 6.4% have tried amphetamines (the study did not measure MA specifically) at least once. The overall feeling is that MA usage is growing. In Canada, it is spreading from west to east. It is already here in Napanee. Next week a recovering user will tell her story. Another upcoming article focuses on meth from a drug enforcement point of view. - --- MAP posted-by: Richard Lake