Pubdate: Mon, 18 Sep 2006 Source: News-Review, The (Roseburg, OR) Copyright: 2006 The News-Review Contact: http://www.newsreview.info Details: http://www.mapinc.org/media/2623 Bookmark: http://www.mapinc.org/meth.htm (Methamphetamine) FEDERAL AGENCY BACKS UNIQUE METH RESEARCH PROJECT IN PORTLAND PORTLAND, Ore. -- Instead of Oregon being known for its methamphetamine abuse problem, researchers at Oregon Health & Science University and the Portland Veterans Administration Medical Center want the state to be known as a national leader in meth research and treatment. Backed by a federal agency, together they have launched the Methamphetamine Abuse Research Center. National health experts say the center is unique because it will devote itself to a full interdisciplinary approach to studying meth and meth addiction. "You're bringing a wide variety of research into the mix," said Dr. David Shurtleff of the National Institute on Drug Abuse, which is providing $5 million over a five-year period for research at the center. Geneticists, neuroscientists, psychiatrists and people doing public outreach will all be involved, said Shurtleff, director of basic neuroscience and behavioral research at the national institute, from his office in Bethesda, Md. Using existing facilities at the two Portland medical centers, researchers have already begun their work. OHSU and the veterans hospital officially announced the center on Friday. The decision to launch the center was largely based on the meth problem in Oregon and its growing prevalence nationwide, said Aaron Janowski, director of the Methamphetamine Abuse Research Center. An estimated 1.4 million people in the United States have used methamphetamine in the past year. The U.S. meth problem originated in the West but it has been spreading east, according to the National Institute on Drug Abuse. Despite the prevalence of the addictive drug, researchers say there is much to be learned about its workings. "There's actually very little that is understood about meth," Janowski said. Scientists do know that meth is an insidious drug, causing long-term damage. "We want to know: How can we alter the effects of methamphetamines?" Janowski said. "And even more importantly, what are the precursors, the predispositions that might allow someone to really have trouble to start using it and then have irreparable trouble?" Twenty faculty members at the Portland medical centers are conducting research to understand what drives people to the drug and the effects of the addiction at a molecular, neurochemical, anatomical and behavioral level. The group also plans to increase education for clinicians and the public about the drug and its effects. Research projects that are already under way show the breadth of the work to be pursued. One of the center's pilot projects is examining neuron systems in the brain involved in meth's effects and how those systems are altered by drug exposure. Another is focusing on the decision-making and impulsivity among meth users by taking an image of their brains while they take a series of tests. Information from the latter project show meth users are much more driven by immediate than long-term rewards. This is important clinically, Dr. Bill Hoffman of OHSU said, because it could improve a patient's interest in sticking with treatment if it is focused on the immediate rewards that meth users are wired to desire. The center hopes to continue finding insights into their understanding of meth that can help curb the nationwide problem. Janowski said Oregon is ripe for the research because of its population of people who use meth, many of whom have been taking the drug for more than 20 years and in large doses. And unlike many other areas, Oregon meth users tend to make it their preferred drug of choice -- making it easier for scientists to look at meth-specific impacts. The Portland VA says the drug accounts for more psychiatric hospitalizations in the state than any other abused drug. William Cameron, associate professor at OHSU heading up the education component of the center, said its clear there is an urgency to sharing as much information as possible among researchers, health care workers and the public because of the social toll of the drug. "Local efforts alone won't do," he said. The center can reapply for further funding based on their initial performance. "We have high hopes for this project," said Shurtleff, of the National Institute on Drug Abuse.