Pubdate: Sat, 15 Dec 2007 Source: Star-Banner, The (Ocala, FL) Copyright: 2007 The Star-Banner Contact: http://www.starbanner.com/ Details: http://www.mapinc.org/media/1533 REHABBING MISGUIDED DRUG LAWS The U.S. Supreme Court earlier this week restored common sense and fairness to punishing some crimes by allowing judges wider discretion to depart from federal guidelines that had hamstrung them in doing what judges are supposed to do - use their knowledge, wisdom and experience to mete out justice. In a pair of decisive 7-2 rulings, the high court also restored some judicial independence that had been stripped by Congress' adoption of sentencing and drug laws more than two decades ago, including statutes that deemed the public threat from crack cocaine was more insidious than that of powder cocaine by mandating stiffer penalties for convictions for defendants involved in the crack trade. It was patently ridiculous, as lawmakers insinuated in 1986, that crack cocaine was 100 times more dangerous than its powdered cousin, despite the two drugs' identical chemical composition. One highly sensationalized aspect of the drug industry at the time was the addiction and violence in inner cities associated with crack. Lawmakers undoubtedly wanted to rescue these areas by stopping the flow of both drugs and violence with tougher laws. But the result was a system that was blatantly unfair to black defendants, who comprise some 85 percent of defendants convicted of crack-related offenses - although powder cocaine use runs nearly five times that of crack, according to a 2003 government study. Congress' intent was understandable, but illegal drugs that are just different forms of the same chemicals must be treated the same, and should have been all along. The day after the rulings, the U.S. Sentencing Commission, which creates the standards that ruled judges' decisions on punishment for years, voted to reduce the sentences for nearly 20,000 inmates convicted under the old system. That, coupled with Congress' new efforts to reverse the sentencing disparity created by the 1980s laws, are welcome maneuvers to rehabilitate the justice system. The other ruling, again in a drug-related case, permits judges to go below the "advisory" guidelines, a questionable adjective since judges stayed within the recommendations more than 86 percent of the time. While there appears to be some debate among scholars as to whether judges will actually wean themselves off the guidelines, at least now they have the authority and freedom to do so. Our nation's War on Drugs has in many ways been an expensive and colossal failure, failing to stem both the supply and availability of drugs, while filling our prisons with countless otherwise non-violent offenders. The Supreme Court, however, has corrected some of the more misguided policies from that conflict. The rest is now up to Congress.