Pubdate: Wed, 14 Nov 2007 Source: Mineral Wells Index (TX) Copyright: 2007 Mineral Wells Index Contact: http://www.mineralwellsindex.com/ Details: http://www.mapinc.org/media/3050 Author: Mike Faher, The Tribune-Democrat Note: Mike Faher writes for The Tribune-Democrat in Johnstown, Pa. Bookmark: http://www.mapinc.org/pot.htm (Marijuana) Bookmark: http://www.mapinc.org/find?232 (Chronic Pain) Bookmark: http://www.mapinc.org/coke.htm (Cocaine) Bookmark: http://www.mapinc.org/mdma.htm (Ecstasy) Bookmark: http://www.mapinc.org/heroin.htm (Heroin) Bookmark: http://www.mapinc.org/find?136 (Methadone) Bookmark: http://www.mapinc.org/meth.htm (Methamphetamine) DRUG PROBLEMS STILL HAMMER U.S. Cocaine poses the "most significant drug threat" in a five-state area that includes Pennsylvania, while heroin also remains a major problem, a new federal report has found. At the same time, pharmaceutical abuse is rising and methadone-related overdoses are increasing in the region, the 2008 National Drug Threat Assessment says. The document, produced by the Johnstown-based National Drug Intelligence Center, does not have any specific information on Cambria or Somerset counties. Local drug trends vary, although authorities agree with many of the study's conclusions. And they say an unprecedented level of in-school drug education is just as important as enforcement in the battle against abuse. "(Schools) are on the front lines with us, hand-in-hand, trying to save these kids," said Detective Kevin Price, Cambria County Drug Task Force supervisor. The NDIC's annual assessment is an in-depth look at drug trafficking and abuse nationwide. Data is culled from federal, state and local law-enforcement agencies as well as from public-health officials. In the report, Pennsylvania is included in the Mid-Atlantic Region, which also includes Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, West Virginia and Washington, D.C. Some key conclusions for the Mid-Atlantic Region are mirrored locally, while others are not: The report says cocaine poses bigger problems than heroin in the region. Officials here say there is no doubt that cocaine continues to haunt Cambria and Somerset counties. That was evidenced most recently by charges filed against eight people described as "high-level" cocaine dealers in Johnstown and two suburban communities. "Cocaine has been a big problem here, especially crack cocaine," said Johnstown police Detective Sgt. Tom Owens. But Owens and Randy Cox, Somerset Borough police chief, also said heroin remains more prominent than coke. "We are looking at heroin as still the main criminal's drug of choice," Cox said. The Mid-Atlantic's methamphetamine threat is "moderate but has increased," the NDIC says. Cox agreed, reporting a "slight increase" in meth usage in Somerset. "We're definitely seeing more than we did a year ago," he said. On the whole, methamphetamine has not yet caused major problems in this area. However, it may be creeping closer: The NDIC report notes increased availability and abuse in Pennsylvania's northwestern counties and the Pocono region. "We're not naive enough to think that it's not here in Cambria County," Price said. "Are we taking steps to prevent it? Yes, we are." NDIC says marijuana demand remains high in the Mid-Atlantic Region, bucking a trend of declining national demand for the drug. "Marijuana is abused by every ethnic, age and socioeconomic group," the assessment says. Local officers also see plenty of pot, especially among adolescents. "There's a lot of marijuana sales and use in our area," Owens said. "For the most part, it's a gateway drug," leading users to then try other narcotics. Pharmaceutical abuse is becoming a bigger concern among teenagers and young adults, the Mid-Atlantic assessment says. Officials in Cambria and Somerset acknowledge a continuing problem with diversion and abuse of prescription painkillers, though most do not report any alarming increases relating to adolescents. This is yet another area, some say, where improved educational programs may pay off. NDIC's national assessment says parents currently are "less likely to talk to their children about the dangers of prescription-drug abuse than they are about heroin, cocaine, crack, MDMA (ecstasy), marijuana or alcohol abuse." Methadone, a drug often prescribed to help heroin users overcome their addiction, is being blamed for a rapidly rising number of deaths and overdoses nationwide and in the Mid-Atlantic Region. From 1999 to 2004, NDIC reports, fatal overdoses involving methadone jumped 390 percent nationally. And that trend likely has continued in the past few years as the availability of legitimate, prescribed methadone has increased greatly, officials said. "Some individuals may be seeking out the drug for abuse as it becomes more widely available," NDIC officials wrote. Methadone has made local headlines this year, with cops concerned that motorists are causing crashes after receiving legal doses of the drug at clinics. Fatal methadone overdoses have doubled in the past year in Cambria County, Coroner Dennis Kwiatkowski estimated. He noted that the drug also can be prescribed as a painkiller. "I don't know whether the doctors are writing more prescriptions for it, and then it's getting out there in the public," Kwiatkowski said. However, Somerset County Coroner Wallace Miller said he has seen no increase in methadone-related overdoses. "The biggest problem we have right now is multiple toxicity -- essentially, alcohol mixed with painkillers or some of these antidepressants," Miller said. In some cases, those who have overdosed do not even have toxic levels of prescription drugs in their system. But when alcohol is combined with those drugs, Miller said, "that's when you have a problem." - --- MAP posted-by: Richard Lake