Pubdate: Sun, 01 Jul 2007 Source: New Jersey Herald (NJ) Copyright: 2007, Quincy Newspapers, Inc Contact: http://www.njherald.com/news/ Details: http://www.mapinc.org/media/2162 Author: Stephen J. Novak Bookmark: http://www.mapinc.org/testing.htm (Drug Test) Bookmark: http://www.mapinc.org/youth.htm (Youth) MOST ACCEPT SPARTA DRUG TESTS SPARTA - When Sparta High School Principal Richard Lio presented a plan in April for a random drug testing program for the district -- a first for Sussex County public schools -- he told the Board of Education to expect questions and criticism. The plan was adopted about three weeks ago, setting the stage for the program to be in place by September, but school officials have not yet met with the level of resistance they thought awaited them. "I thought this might be one of those things where we do the right thing but get beat up (for it)," Board President Michael Schiavoni said Friday. "But that has not been the case." A public information session about the testing program, held just a few days after the plan was approved, saw only a handful of parents in attendance. Questions written and submitted prior to and during the presentation, most of them informational in nature, were addressed. In meetings leading up to the board's approval, there was very little public discussion on the topic. A few negative comments have come out, but there has been no organized opposition or threats of legal action. For the most part, Schiavoni said, "people have generally been supportive." But that does not mean everyone is satisfied. "It saddens me that there isn't more resistance," said Fred DeSena, Sparta resident and father of a Sparta High School student. DeSena objects to the program "based on constitutional rights," mainly the Fourth Amendment, which defines "the right of the people to be secure ... against unreasonable searches and seizures." "I do believe that if they are going to take blood or urine from a body, that is a violation," DeSena said. "They've singled out a group of people and are asking them to forfeit their constitutional protections and rights." The program, as presented to the board and the public, requires high school students involved with sports or extracurricular activities or who wish to drive to school on their own to enter into a "pool" where they will be assigned numbers -- participation at the middle school level will be strictly voluntary. Students whose numbers are randomly selected over the course of the school year will provide saliva and urine samples which would be tested for the presence of illegal substances. The issue has gone as far as the U.S. Supreme Court when parents in some school districts nationwide challenged that the "testing pool" was unconstitutional. But school administrators have said that the policy was always upheld by the courts whenever challenged. "It has been tested, and it can definitely be justified legally," Lio told parents at the information session. When asked how it can be justified morally, he responded, "If we're truly a community, we must address this (drug) issue." DeSena still disagrees with the method. "It's hypocritical for the school to teach these kids about their 'inalienable rights' and then try and take them away," he said. "I'm of the opinion that the Constitution is chipped away at daily. "I would hope that the people who have been elected to these positions (on the board) would consider these things I'm bringing up now." But this program is one the board was in favor of from the moment Lio presented it in April. Schiavoni commended the administration, particularly Lio, for research into the issue and said that now is the best time to institute such a program. "We have had the (police) dogs go through the school and right now, drugs are at a very low level," he said. "The time to do this is now, not when you have a bigger problem." A presentation to the board earlier this year by the Sussex County Center for Prevention and Counseling told of a need for more stringent drug policies and deterrents, especially at the middle school level where national surveys have shown increasing numbers of students abusing over-the-counter and prescription medications. When Sparta's program was first discussed, Becky Carlson, director of the center, called the new policy "a piece of the puzzle." However, the American Civil Liberties Union has historically opposed random drug testing programs generally because of its perceived unconstitutionality. A letter to a Williamsburg, Va., school board dated Feb. 2006, urged the local officials to reject a program similar to Sparta's on the grounds that "there is no evidence indicating that (random student drug testing) actually deters drug use," among other issues. That school board decided to go with a strictly voluntary program one month later. But one of the points administrators and board members have used is that the program is not meant to be punitive and "catch" students in the act, but rather to deter students who may otherwise be "on the fence" in social situations, a much more difficult statistic to calculate since only about 20 percent of the pool could realistically be tested over a year, administrators have said. In answer to one question during the information session, Lio said, "The student who is curious or a casual user will probably stop. The hard line student, probably not. But it doesn't mean we give up on them." The testing program is meant to supplement the established drug policy. Students who test positive, after a confirmation from an independent laboratory, will be removed from their chosen activities and will receive counseling. Unless they are caught using illegal substances on school property, the typical drug policy punishments do not apply. The state Department of Education has left it "in the hands of the school districts, whether or not they want to do it," said spokesman Jon Zlock. A proposal to require the inclusion of a voluntary random testing program will be decided upon, in conjunction with the state Legislature later this month. Sparta's plan already includes voluntary participation at the middle school level and for any high school students who do not fall into the mandatory category. All participation is subject to parental approval, but the parents of athletes, such as DeSena, may face a moral dilemma. While DeSena staunchly opposes the program, he said his son, a member of the track team, has no problems with it. But if DeSena decides not to consent to inclusion in the testing pool, his son will not be able to run track, which makes for a difficult decision. "At this time, I would say I would not sign it," DeSena said. "But if we run into a conflict, I may give in." Based on talks Lio has given to the high school classes about the program, a majority of the students at the high school seem to agree with DeSena's son, the principal said. One sophomore girl was present at the June school board meeting for a discussion about the cheerleading program, but also took a moment to tell the board that the program gives students "a reason to say 'no.'" The annual cost of the program is estimated to run between $4,750 and $5,250, mostly for administering the tests and paperwork. According to the approved plan, there will be one designated administrator who will have access to students' names and pool numbers and the school nurse will be the only one to handle the test samples. Positive tests will be sent to an outside laboratory for confirmation. A similar policy has also been suggested that would apply to district faculty, staff and administrators. Officials and spokespeople from several organizations, including the state School Boards Association and the New Jersey Education Association, are unaware of any such policy already in existence, and Sparta is still only researching the policy at this point, Schiavoni said. - --- MAP posted-by: Derek