Pubdate: Sat, 26 Jan 2008 Source: Times, The (Munster IN) Copyright: 2008 The Munster Times Contact: http://www.nwitimes.com/ Details: http://www.mapinc.org/media/832 Author: Joe Carlson Bookmark: http://www.mapinc.org/coke.htm (Cocaine) Bookmark: http://www.mapinc.org/prison.htm (Incarceration) FEDERAL CRACK SENTENCES TO DECREASE HAMMOND - At least six federal convicts from Northwest Indiana applied this month to have their prison time for crack cocaine convictions reduced in what observers are calling the first trickle before a flood of similar appeals nationwide. The appeals in U.S. District Court in Hammond follow a recent federal decision to loosen sentencing rules on crack offenses. "Across the district, hundreds will be affected," said Jerry Flynn, executive director of the Federal Community Defenders Office in Hammond. "We've identified all of our former clients who may be eligible and sent them letters. There are hundreds." A change in federal sentencing guidelines announced last month could affect as many as 19,000 people convicted of possession or distribution of crack cocaine. The new sentences vary greatly depending on the drug amount involved, but convicts stand to reduce their sentences anywhere from several months to a few years. U.S. District Judge Joseph Van Bokkelen, who is chairman of a committee examining the issue locally, said northern Indiana ranks 20th in the nation in the total number of cases that could be affected by the more lenient sentencing rules. Most of the convicts are likely to see their sentences reduced, but those who faced multiple types of convictions could be less likely to see decreases, Van Bokkelen said. After years of investigation and deliberation, the U.S. Sentencing Commission voted unanimously late last year to recommend retroactively lowering sentences for crack cocaine offenses because of an unfair disparity between offenders caught with crack cocaine and powder cocaine. Although both drugs are derived from the same substance, lawmakers in the 1980s argued that crack cocaine should be punished more harshly because it was more addictive, and its trade was associated with more violent street crime. "This has had a disproportionate effect on urban, African-American communities," Flynn said. Although most of the crack offenders in northern Indiana are likely to see decreases, experts say each case is different, and there is no blanket rule. The commission does not have the power to force judges to lower sentences. Flynn said that with the crack cocaine cases, judges will consider post-conviction behavior and whether the offenders are deemed dangerous to society. Crack cocaine is a concentrated form of powder cocaine made by sauteing the powder narcotic in a saucepan with water and baking soda to turn it into an off-white crystal that is often smoked through small glass tubes sold in convenience stores as packaging for "mini" roses. - --- MAP posted-by: Larry Seguin