Pubdate: Sat, 14 Feb 2009 Source: Charlotte Observer (NC) Copyright: 2009 The Charlotte Observer Contact: http://www.charlotteobserver.com/contact/#editor Website: http://www.charlotteobserver.com/ Details: http://www.mapinc.org/media/78 Author: Thomas Goldsmith NC TREATMENT CENTERS SEE A SHIFT TO DRUG USE Alcohol admissions fall; more people are looking for stronger and quicker highs. RALEIGH - People who crave the harder, faster highs of cocaine and prescription painkillers are turning up more often in substance-abuse treatment in North Carolina as admissions decrease for people dependent on alcohol, according to new federal data. The state has gone through a "substantial shift" away from alcohol treatment toward treating a higher percentage of people for drug abuse, according to the federal Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Another factor in the rising number of drug admissions is increasing misuse of prescription drugs such as oxycodone and Percocet, experts said. Abusers of these drugs tend to fall into three categories, said Flo Stein, a division chief at the state Department of Health and Human Services who works on mental illness and substance abuse. "There are the people seeking something other than heroin when heroin is not available and there are the people that are being managed for pain who originally got it by prescription," Stein said. "But the biggest, fastest growing group are teenagers and young adults who are using any prescription drugs they can get their hands on." Wake Forest University addiction expert David Friedman, a professor of physiology and pharmacology, said substance abusers can gravitate to harder drugs from alcohol because the brain absorbs and feels the effect of the former much more quickly. "Alcohol, you have to take by mouth and it takes a while to kick in, 30 to 60 minutes," Friedman said. "With crack cocaine you get a high in 10 seconds." The federal report comes as the quasi-governmental N.C. Institute of Medicine is putting final touches on a long-range effort to suggest needed changes in the state's substance-abuse programs to the General Assembly. The Institute of Medicine report recommends that legislators vote an additional $101 million for substance abuse services during the next two years. Among other recommendations, a broad-based task force suggested the state needs increases in spending on substance-abuse prevention by states and counties; an increase in taxes on tobacco, beer and wine; more training for professionals working in the field; and additional drug courts. (Sidebar) More Information State statistics Among the N.C. findings, by the federal Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration: Alcohol-only admissions have declined from more than two in five in 1992 to fewer than one in five in 2006, the most recent year available. Drug-only admissions have more than doubled, from 15 percent in 1992 to 35 percent in 2005. Unmet need for alcohol treatment has generally been below national rates and in 2005-2006 was among the lowest in the country for all age groups except those 26 and older. Rates of unmet need for drug treatment have varied. In 2005-2006, they were among the highest in the country for those older than 26. - --- MAP posted-by: Larry Seguin