Pubdate: Thu, 19 Mar 2009 Source: Blue Banner, The (NC Edu) Copyright: 2009 The Blue Banner Contact: http://www.unca.edu/banner/ Details: http://www.mapinc.org/media/2830 Author: David Milton CAMPUS POLICE MAKE HEROIN ARREST UNC Asheville Campus Police made an arrest Jan. 6 for the possession of heroin, the only non-marijuana drug-related arrest made during January and February, according to the campus crime log. The majority of drug use and arrests at UNCA involve soft drugs like marijuana, according to campus police crime logs, but students should be informed about all narcotics and addiction potential, two local substance abuse counselors said. "Information is hardly sufficient, and most anti-drug campaigns use fear tactics, which have been proven not to work," said Marie Nemerov, 25, a substance abuse counselor who works for ARP Phoenix, a substance abuse services group. Information and education about addiction and drug use are lacking in the educational environments, which adds to societal negligence, Nemorov said. The perception among most people is that marijuana is considered the gateway drug, but nicotine fits the description more accurately, Nemerov said. "If you look at the part of the brain that is involved with addiction, nicotine is now considered the gateway drug," Nemerov said. "It is one of the most addictive substances, and it stimulates the part of the brain that all the other drugs stimulate. Once you have stimulated that part of the brain, it is like priming the pump." An academic study published in April 1997 in the Journal of School Health titled "Psychosocial and pharmacologic explanation of nicotine's 'gateway drug' function" concluded that nicotine is a gateway drug. Adolescent and young adult nicotine users develop learned behaviors, including that the drug alters moods, and users often use the drug as stress relief, according to the study. This sets a precedent for chemicals making them feel better. The fact that nicotine is legal for people older than 18 and easily available makes it an unsuspecting gateway drug, Nemerov said. The Drug Enforcement Agency does not include nicotine on its list of drugs and chemical concerns, but does include cocaine and marijuana. "Pot is the most widely used drug in college, but I went to a private college so I saw a lot of powder cocaine, too," said Nemerov. Cocaine possession arrests are not frequent in the campus police crime logs, unlike marijuana possession, but the drug is easier to hide and essentially odorless, Nemerov said. "We see mostly marijuana and underage drinking," said Steve Lewis, UNCA chief of police, when asked what drug and alcohol problems are most frequent on campus. "And one or two recent cases of prescriptions being in the possession of the person it wasn't prescribed to." Prescription drugs are some of the most addictive, especially benzodiazepine, said Matt Gannon, 25, a UNCA psychology graduate who works for the Western North Carolina Treatment Center. Benzodiazepines are a class of central nervous system depressants commonly used to treat insomnia and anxiety, according to the DEA. Pharmaceutical benzodiazepines include alprazolam, Xanax and clonazepam or Klonopin. Gannon works with patients addicted to opiates at the treatment center, which uses a methadone maintenance treatment plan. Opiates and benzodiazepines are the two most-abused classes of prescription pills, he said. Methadone is a synthetic drug used for detoxification from opiates. When used at the proper doses, methadone does not impair the user and can be effectively used to transition addicts off opiates, Gannon said. "Basically, what I do right now is attempt to get people stable on their methadone doses and manage their cases," Gannon said. "Statistics show that methadone is one of the best ways for opiate addicts to get their lives back." Hyrdocodone, morphine, oxycodone, oxycontin and percodan are all pharmaceutical opioids, according to the DEA. Using these addictive drugs can quickly ruin lives, Gannon said. According to a 2005 study by the Harvard School of Public Health, the non-medical use of prescription opioids represents a problem on college campuses, and one in every four colleges had a 10 percent prevalence rate for non-medical use of opioids. Gannon, who graduated in May 2007, said he did not encounter many prescription opiates while at UNCA. "In Asheville and at UNCA, you are going to see the hallucinogens," Gannon said. "But marijuana is the most pervasive at UNCA." Marijuana is not often used exclusively, Gannon said. Many of the patients he sees who are on methadone maintenance treatment plans to become independent from opiate addiction test positive for marijuana in their drug screens, he said. Marijuana can be habitually addictive, and patients continue to use marijuana despite risking their future in the treatment program, Gannon said. According to Gannon and Nemerov, the patients with whom they work are different from the general college populations. "The majority of the patients I work with are indigent," Nemerov said. "They are homeless, below the poverty level and mainly addicted to alcohol and crack cocaine." Nemerov said many of the patients she sees are artists, mainly musicians, and most of them have above-average intelligence. Nobody is too smart for addiction, and college students should continuously educate themselves, Nemerov said. - --- MAP posted-by: Larry Seguin