Pubdate: Mon, 13 Feb 2012
Source: Lowell Sun (MA)
Copyright: 2012 MediaNews Group, Inc.
Contact:  http://www.lowellsun.com/
Details: http://www.mapinc.org/media/852
Author: Joyce Tsai, Staff Writer
References: Asset Forfeiture http://www.mapinc.org/af.htm

LAWYERS: MOTEL CASWELL FORFEITURE CASE UNCONSTITUTIONAL

BOSTON -- Attorneys from Arlington-Va.-based Institute for Justice 
argued Monday afternoon before a judge in U.S. District Court that the 
federal government's civil-forfeiture case against the Motel Caswell 
is unconstitutional

Attorneys Scott Bullock and Lawrence Salzman argued that the case 
violates both the 10th and 8th amendments to the constitution in 
court, and they asked U.S. Magistrate Judge Judith Dein, for a motion 
for summary judgment that would dismiss the case completely before it 
went to a jury trial.

The 10th amendment, the Caswell's attorneys argue, preserves the 
balance between the powers of the federal government versus states 
governments, by protecting states, as well as citizens, from the 
federal government overreaching or acting in excess of its powers.  
And they argued that the federal program that the U.S. government is 
using to try to seize the Motel Caswell, overstepped those boundaries, 
because there is a state forfeiture law, which applies a different 
standard for forfeiture of property, which is more protective of 
citizens than the federal law.

The state civil forfeiture law protects property owners, such as the 
Motel Caswell, from having their property seized, when it used by 
criminal activity by third parties, because it has a stronger standard 
to meet for how involved the owner was in the business of unlawfully 
manufacturing, dispensing or distributing controlled substances on the 
property at question, Salzman argued. Yet, in contrast, under the 
federal law, property can be subject to forfeiture, so long as the 
preponderance of the evidence shows that the property is "used, 
intended to be used, in any manner or part, to commit, or to 
facilitate the commission of crimes," he argued.

Salzman also argued that "this unilateral decision of state and local 
law-enforcement officials" to pursue federal civil forfeiture under 
the equitable sharing program, is not permissible because it didn't 
seek the consent of the people, through the state legislature. And 
thus it should not supercede the current state law.

According to the Caswell's attorneys' motion for summary judgment, the 
action was first prompted by the U.S. Drug Enforcement Agency's 
Vincent Kelly, who approached the Tewksbury Police Department about 
the federal government's equitable sharing program for federal civil 
forfeiture of property. Kelly's job was to review newspaper articles 
on similar properties and reach out to local law-enforcement to 
investigate opportunities for forfeiture. Under the sharing program, 
local law enforcement agencies participating in federal forfeiture 
actions are able to receive up to 80 percent of the proceeds from the 
forfeiture, according the Caswell attorneys' argument for a motion for 
summary judgment.

"This was a property that rented out rooms tens of thousands of times 
a year to people looking to sleep for the night," and only some were 
in the business of illegal drug activity, Salzman said. And the owner 
Russ Caswell was not aware or involved with any of those drug activities.

In addition, Bullock argued that to let the case go forward would 
violate a First Circuit determination of the 8th amendment, which 
protects against "cruel and unusual punishment," including excessive 
fines.  He says that the forfeiture of the motel property, which is 
valued at more than $1 million, which would deprive motel owner Russ 
Caswell of his livelihood.

"The Motel Caswell is Mr. Caswell's predominant source of income and 
has been for most of his adult life," according to court documents.

"And forfeiture cannot deprive someone of its livelihood," Bullock said.

U.S. assistant district attorney Sonya Rao, however, argued that the 
10th amendment was not being violated, and the equitable sharing 
program is one can opt into, and requires their sign off and approval 
of local and state elected officials, not just law enforcement. She 
also said that the motion of summary judgment would presuppose that 
the forfeiture would result in the equitable sharing program, but 
that's not known for sure yet.

Also she also argued that the federal government's requirements for 
civil forfeiture of property are being misinterpreted by the Caswell's 
attorney, and actually not very different from that of the state.  And 
more discovery would be needed to argue if the seizure of the motel 
would indeed destroy the owner's livelihood, she said.

Judge Dein said about halfway through the hearing, while also asking 
questions to clarify arguments on both sides, "it sounds like he 
(Caswell) has very real defenses, though I don't know what would 
happen if it goes forward."

At the end of the hearing, she did not make a judgment, but rather, 
she said she would "take the matter under advisement."

Salzman said that means Dein will likely make a judgment in the next 
30 to 60 days, as to whether the case should continue on to a jury trial.
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MAP posted-by: Richard R Smith Jr.