Pubdate: Sun, 20 May 2012
Source: Guardian, The (UK)
Copyright: 2012 Guardian News and Media Limited
Contact:  http://www.guardian.co.uk/guardian/
Details: http://www.mapinc.org/media/175
Author: Emma Graham-Garrison, in Kabul
Note: Rahmatullah Qaryab in Kunar and Mokhtar Amiri in Kabul contributed
reporting for this story

TALIBAN DESTROY POPPY FIELDS IN SURPRISE CLAMPDOWN ON AFGHAN OPIUM

Growers Action By Taliban Welcomed By Government And Clerics But
Insurgent Says Destruction Was For Religious Reasons

Taliban fighters have destroyed fields of opium poppies in eastern
Afghanistan this spring, the first time since 2001 the hardline
Islamist group is known to have clamped down on the cultivation of a
drug that provides a big part of its funding.

While the insurgents appear to have dug up a relatively small area of
poppies in a remote area near the border with Pakistan, the move was
so unusual it won a chorus of praise from the Afghan government and
international organisations, whom the Taliban consider their enemy, as
well as senior clerics.

"They just did what the constitution ordered," said Wasifullah Wasifi,
a spokesman for the provincial governor in Kunar, where the
eradication took place.

"The provincial governor really appreciates what the insurgents did.
 From the perspective of Islam it is forbidden and a crime to grow
drugs," Wasifi said, adding that nearly a hectare had been destroyed
by the Taliban in the province's Manawara district, in addition to a
far larger amount eradicated by the government.

An Afghan opium addict show the amount he consumed in a day The
country representative of the UN Office on Drugs and Crime in
Afghanistan, Jean-Luc Lemahieu, confirmed that the Taliban had
uprooted poppy fields in Kunar, and said he hoped the "rare event"
might presage a stronger approach to controlling drug production.

"We welcome this new approach and would hope that this is not a
one-time exception but that the Taliban, and others alike, would take
a principled stance against the narcotics business," he said.

Afghanistan has for years produced the vast majority of the world's
opium, with only a brief break in 2001 when the Taliban government,
which had previously relied on the crop to bolster its coffers,
unexpectedly dug up most of the country's poppy fields.

But opium production has flourished since the group was toppled by
US-backed forces in 2001, even though it has been widely condemned by
clerics as un-Islamic.

Villagers in the Manawara district were warned at the start of the
sowing season not to plant poppies, said district governor Habib
Rahman Mohmand.

"The Taliban leadership in Kunar sent down an order to the ordinary
people that they should not grow drugs, or the crop would be
destroyed," Mohmand said. "Around 20 days ago the Taliban groups came
and destroyed it."

Mohmand said he believed it had been done on the order of a powerful
regional commander, Zia al-Rahman. The order, however, was the result
of pressure from tribal elders and religious scholars in Kunar who
considered the production of drugs un-Islamic, he told the Guardian.

A local Taliban fighter who said he was involved in the eradication
confirmed that the decision had come from the top commander, for
religious reasons.

"It was an order from Zia al-Rahman. We went to the site to destroy
the drug fields, and there were two widows who were growing drugs to
feed their families because they had no husbands, so I didn't destroy
their land," said the militant.

"But when Zia al-Rahman heard, he got upset, and said: 'We don't care
who the owners are, this is a religious order.' So I went to the site
again and destroyed the land of the widows."

In 2011, the farm-gate value of opium production in Afghanistan more
than doubled from the previous year to $1.4bn (UKP885m) according to
Reuters.

Funds flow to insurgents and corrupt members of the government. The
crop can also be a key source of income for poor farmers, who
insurgents sometimes rely on for food, shelter, recruits or other support.

"Over the past 10 years the Taliban have generally been pragmatic
about poppy. They have not been involved in eradication," said Michael
Semple, a Harvard academic and expert on the Taliban.

"In the poppy heartland of the south, where the opium trade is
important in the rural economy, Taliban commanders deliberately delay
the start of the spring fighting so as to allow farmers a chance to
complete the opium harvest."

In eastern Kunar, opium production is just a fraction of levels in the
Taliban's southern heartland, and the local commanders may have seen a
chance to match government eradication programmes with their own claim
to moral leadership on drugs production, Semple added.

"In Kunar the acreage planted is much smaller and opium is peripheral
to the economy. In eradicating some poppies, local Taliban probably
saw an opportunity to pose as a legitimate force."

Kunar residents also said there had been some eradication by the
Taliban in two neighbouring districts, although authorities in both
areas denied any militant role in clearing poppy fields.

"In Shaygal district in some areas, the government was doing the
eradication, and in other areas the insurgents were doing the
eradication," said an English teacher, who asked not to be named.

"As an eyewitness I can say the Taliban destroyed a jerib [a fifth of
a hectare] of drugs between four and five days ago," said Haji Padshah
Jan, an elder from a third district, Sarkani.

Rahmatullah Qaryab in Kunar and Mokhtar Amiri in Kabul contributed
reporting for this story 
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MAP posted-by: Jo-D