Pubdate: Tue, 19 Jun 2012 Source: Calgary Herald (CN AB) Copyright: 2012 Canwest Publishing Inc. Contact: http://www2.canada.com/calgaryherald/letters.html Website: http://www.calgaryherald.com/ Details: http://www.mapinc.org/media/66 Author: Rob Breakenridge PURE ECSTASY NOT AS BAD AS PROHIBITION Given the recent spate of deaths in Calgary linked to tainted ecstasy, there's a surprising dearth of voices here calling for smarter drug policy. Instead, what we continue to hear from politicians and police is the same old circle of empty logic: ecstasy is bad because it's illegal and it's illegal because it's bad. It's a position which, among other things, is immune to evidence about harm and more specifically, harm reduction. There's clearly a difference between pure MDMA, the chemical typically known as ecstasy, and the drug sold on the streets billed as ecstasy, which can contain little or no MDMA. The overdose deaths in Calgary and elsewhere in Alberta have been linked to the chemical PMMA. Rather than the law addressing these problems, it's increasingly clear that the law is exacerbating them. With no one in a position of power in Alberta willing to point all of this out, we must instead look for insight to our neighbours to the west. B.C.'s chief medical officer last week sparked controversy by pointing out some rather self-evident truths about the drug ecstasy. The reaction to Dr. Perry Kendall's remarks suggests we have a long way to go in rethinking drug policy in this country. Kendall noted that the perceived dangers of MDMA are overblown, and that the real dangers are posed by the various chemicals being added by those selling the drug on the streets. He also noted that in its pure form and in small doses, MDMA is actually relatively safe. Kendall seemed to stop short of an outright call for legalization, but pointed out that the risks of MDMA could be mitigated if the drug were legalized and regulated. It's hard to see what's controversial about any of this, except for the fact that it goes against the prohibitionist mentality which remains so pervasive in this country. Kendall would certainly seem to have the evidence on his side. A study published last year in the journal Addiction found that the use of MDMA did not impair cognitive function. A 2007 study in the journal Psychopharmacology found much the same thing. Researchers studied the impact of low doses of MDMA and found no significant effect on memory or attention. Perhaps of more significance is how MDMA compares to other drugs. Not all drugs are illegal, of course. Alcohol and tobacco (nicotine) are both legal despite the addictive nature of these drugs and the risks involved in consumption. A 2010 study published in the medical journal The Lancet studied 20 different drugs and ranked them based on a combined score of harm to the user and harm to society. Alcohol ranked No. 1. MDMA was ranked 17th. Additionally, a 2004 study published in the journal Addiction found that MDMA has a better safety ratio than alcohol. Yet, under our laws, it's perfectly legal (and incredibly dangerous) to get wasted on a bottle of rum. Yet it's illegal (and apparently not all that dangerous) to ingest a small amount of MDMA. So when a spokesman for the Calgary Police Service declares that: "I'm not sure there's such thing as safe MDMA," he is offering a position which is clearly at odds with the available evidence and is illustrative of the hypocrisy inherent in our drug laws. There is also the potential MDMA appears to have in treating, among other conditions, post-traumatic stress disorder. It's certainly the case, too, that our laws, and the attitudes which create and sustain them, are complicating those lines of research. None of this is to endorse or encourage the use of MDMA. That's certainly not Kendall's intent. Rather, it's the need to recognize what prohibition has wrought. As Kendall observes: I don't think (prohibition) keeps drugs out of the hands of vulnerable people, and I don't think it does much to reduce harmful use, and I think it has other harmful effects, like putting billions of dollars into the hands of criminal enterprises." He's absolutely right. That's the reality of what our drug laws have created, and given the resistance to a serious rethink, it's going to be the prevailing status quo for the foreseeable future. - --- MAP posted-by: Matt