Pubdate: Wed, 06 Feb 2013
Source: Los Angeles Times (CA)
Copyright: 2013 Los Angeles Times
Contact:  http://www.latimes.com/
Details: http://www.mapinc.org/media/248
Author: Maura Dolan

COURT MAY UPHOLD POT SHOP BANS

State Justices Seem Inclined to Support Legality of Riverside's 
Policy on Medical Marijuana Stores.

SAN FRANCISCO - The California Supreme Court appeared inclined 
Tuesday to uphold municipal bans against medical marijuana dispensaries.

Meeting for oral arguments, the state high court considered the 
legality of a ban on dispensaries by the city of Riverside. Several 
justices noted that the state Constitution gives cities wide policing 
power over land use and suggested that the state's medical marijuana 
laws have not undercut that authority.

"The Legislature knows how to say 'Thou Shall Not Ban Dispensaries,' 
" Justice Ming W. Chin said. "They didn't say that."

The court's ruling, due in 90 days, will determine the fate of about 
200 local bans on cannabis dispensaries. If the justices uphold the 
bans, more such measures are anticipated. Medical marijuana advocates 
said that outcome would force tens of thousands of patients to drive 
long distances or resort to the black market.

But the justices appeared more focused on the regulatory rights of 
cities than on patient access to cannabis.

Chief Justice Tani G. Cantil-Sakauye said she viewed the case as a 
test of the "authority historically invested in municipalities" over land use.

J. David Nick, representing a dispensary, argued that municipalities 
could regulate, but not prohibit, an activity the state has 
permitted. He said the goal of the medical marijuana laws was to 
provide for uniformity from county to county.

"You can pass local laws, but they have to be consistent" with the 
state laws intended to make medical marijuana available, Nick told 
the court during the televised hearing.

Justice Marvin R. Baxter seemed skeptical.

"If the Legislature wanted to prevent localities from banning the 
dispensaries, why didn't it say so expressly?" he asked.

Justice Goodwin Liu noted that state medical marijuana laws provided 
limited immunity from state sanctions, not from local rules. The 
laws' "language doesn't seem to get you very far," Liu told the 
dispensary attorney.

Some justices suggested that the Legislature might not have legal 
authority to prevent cities from banning dispensaries through zoning.

Justice Carol A. Corrigan noted that the California Constitution 
confers on local governments the right to police their borders. "It 
is not for the Legislature to try to retract that which it does not 
confer," she said.

Justice Joyce L. Kennard appeared to agree. She said municipalities 
had a "preexisting power" to regulate land use that is independent of 
the state's medical cannabis laws.

But Justice Kathryn Mickle Werdegar observed that local bans on 
dispensaries might thwart the intent of the medical marijuana laws. 
Although the Legislature has given cities the right to regulate 
dispensaries, it was "debatable" whether regulation means outright 
prohibitions, she said.

Even considering Werdegar's remarks, Los Angeles Special Assistant 
City Atty. Jane Usher said the court seemed headed for a unanimous 
decision in favor of permitting bans. Usher said Los Angeles does not 
plan to introduce any new regulations until voters consider three 
medical marijuana measures on the May ballot.

Joe Elford, chief legal counsel for a medical marijuana advocacy 
group, said he was disappointed that the hearing failed to elicit 
much concern for patients.

"I didn't really feel like the patients' voices were heard," he said. 
He agreed that the court was likely to give municipalities discretion 
to ban dispensaries but expressed hope the ruling would otherwise 
affirm their legality.

"I am hopeful the court will let them know it is a discretion, not an 
obligation, and they can do the right thing if they chose," Elford said.
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MAP posted-by: Jay Bergstrom