Pubdate: Wed, 11 Dec 2013 Source: New York Times (NY) Copyright: 2013 The New York Times Company Contact: http://www.nytimes.com/ref/membercenter/help/lettertoeditor.html Website: http://www.nytimes.com/ Details: http://www.mapinc.org/media/298 Author: Simon Romero URUGUAY ACTS TO LEGALIZE MARIJUANA SANTIAGO, Chile - Uruguay's Senate approved legislation on Tuesday that will allow the country to legalize the cultivation and sale of marijuana on a nationwide scale. Uruguay's leftist president, Jose Mujica, a supporter of the measure, has signaled that he will enact the legislation in coming days. Under the legislation, approved by a vote of 16 to 13, Uruguay would create a state-run Institute for the Regulation and Control of Cannabis to oversee the planting, harvesting and sale of marijuana. The drug would be sold at pharmacies, with buyers signing up in a state registry, a process enabling them to purchase up to 40 grams a month at $1 a gram. The action on the bill followed years of debate in Uruguay, which has been grappling with an increase in drug-related violence. Opponents contended the measure would open the way for greater drug use in Uruguay, while supporters claimed it would remove the marijuana trade from the domain of illegal traffickers, allowing the authorities to regulate its consumption. "We are convinced that we can apply our own policy to drugs in compliance with international norms," said Roberto Conde, a senator in Uruguay's governing Broad Front coalition. Under Mr. Mujica, Uruguay has emerged as one of Latin America's most socially liberal nations, moving to legalize gay marriage and abortion. The lower house of Uruguay's Congress approved the marijuana bill in July. Most Uruguayans oppose the legalization of marijuana, according to polls, but the Broad Front coalition of leftist parties still seemed to be popular enough to expose itself to disapproval over the law. "This is seen as forming part of a new agenda, which in terms of legal rights Uruguay has advanced in recent years," said Adolfo Garce, a political scientist at the University of the Republic in Montevideo, the capital. While marijuana is already tolerated to a large degree in Uruguay, the law would allow households to grow up to six plants each, and cooperatives to form to grow up to 99 plants together. All growers would be required to register their production with the government, which plans to import seeds from abroad and control the potency of plants. Some opposition to the law has been voiced in neighboring countries, while the International Narcotics Control Board of the United Nations has also expressed concern. "We could turn into a regional center of cannabis tourism, as the region fears," said Alfredo Solari, an opposition senator in Uruguay. Still, the law would limit purchases of marijuana in pharmacies to Uruguayan citizens over the age of 18 in an attempt to prevent drug tourism. Fabian Werner contributed reporting from Montevideo, Uruguay. - --- MAP posted-by: Jay Bergstrom