Pubdate: Thu, 05 Nov 2015
Source: Silhouette, The (CN ON Edu)
Copyright: 2015 The Silhouette, McMaster Students Union.
Contact:  http://www.thesil.ca/
Details: http://www.mapinc.org/media/3107
Author: Sunanna Bhasin

DRIVING HIGH

Marijuana Legalization Should Prompt a Discussion on How to Monitor 
Impaired Drivers

I remember heading to a sports tournament with friends a few years 
ago and having our taxi driver educate us on what drunk driving 
looked like. He pointed out one car in particular, just a few metres 
ahead of us. It was weaving in and out of its lane in an 
unpredictable pattern, travelling at relatively high speeds and the 
driver never signalled when switching lanes. I was shocked that the 
driver was drunk or severely impaired, but I was sure that he or she 
would be pulled over as soon as a cop caught sight of the sign of 
reckless driving. What would follow would be a brief interrogation 
and a breathalyser test. If the blood alcohol content was found to be 
greater than 0.08 mg/ml, then it would be goodbye to the offender's 
driver's license.

It was that simple. However with the election of the Liberal 
government, it is a possibility that marijuana may be legalized in 
the near future. With legalization and easier access to the drug, 
there is the chance of an increase in driving under the influence 
involving pot. Yet, how can police monitor driving high when there is 
no efficient test currently available?

The interesting thing about cannabis is that its main ingredient, 
tetrahydrocannabinol - responsible for its psychological effects - 
can stay in the blood and urine days after ingestion. Unlike alcohol, 
which leaves the body before sobriety sets in, marijuana's THC 
remains in the blood long after its effects have worn off. While 
taking a blood test can identify levels of active, or recently 
ingested THC, roadside blood tests are inefficient and 
time-consuming, not to mention expensive. In the time that it would 
take to conclude whether a driver is high, police could be missing 
those driving drunk. The question is should we be prioritizing one 
over the other?

The typical drunk driver exhibits three warning signs on the road: 
weaving within one lane weaving in and out of the lane and speeding. 
A high driver may weave within his or her lane but is less likely to 
display as extreme behaviour as a drunk driver. One may find 
reassurance in the fact that cannabis users are often aware of their 
impairment, and make conscious efforts to compensate for that on the 
road by keeping greater distances between themselves and other cars 
and driving more slowly. Drunk drivers, on the other hand, are often 
unaware of their inability to drive and do so anyway because of a 
false sense of confidence.

This does not make driving high less dangerous. Reaction time is 
affected in both cases, which can result in collisions and serious 
accidents. Because a stoned driver may not be displaying warning 
signs, the drivers around them might not realize that they should be 
concerned. The legalization of marijuana could add to the invisible 
threats drivers face daily. Surely, wrongly believing one is in 
control is worse than making the conscious effort to battle the 
impairment one is aware of being under when high.

The reality is that while both drunk and stoned drivers are a threat 
to road safety, so are distracted and tired drivers, and there are no 
tests to determine if someone is too overwhelmed with fatigue to be 
behind the wheel. The only way to prevent impaired driving is to 
continue advocating against it and educating the public on the risks. 
Given the research available, drunk drivers tend to do much more 
damage than stoned drivers, as there isn't a clear positive 
correlation between traffic accidents and cannabis use, while there 
is a significant amount of evidence in regards to the risks of 
driving under the influence of alcohol. Finding a means to test for 
marijuana consumption would be wise nonetheless, but focusing on 
drunk drivers should remain the priority.
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MAP posted-by: Jay Bergstrom