Pubdate: Sun, 13 Dec 2015 Source: Fort Collins Coloradoan (CO) Contact: http://www.coloradoan.com/customerservice/contactus.html Copyright: 2015 The Fort Collins Coloradoan Website: http://www.coloradoan.com/ Details: http://www.mapinc.org/media/1580 Pubdate: 13 Dec 15 Author: Erica Freeman Note: Erica Freeman is owner of Choice Organics and a columnist who will cover marijuana and its intersection with our community. THE ETYMOLOGY OF MARIJUANA PROHIBITION Marijuana. It's a word we're all are familiar with, especially if you've been living in Colorado for the last five years. It's a word that can stir up emotions immediately, regardless of where your convictions lay. It is a word that is rampant in headlines across the U.S., increasingly so every day. It is a word that was introduced into our lexicon innocently enough, only to be kidnapped by the social media of the time and used to vilify and condemn a plant that never meant any harm. Prior to 1910, the plant was referred to as cannabis and it was widely consumed medicinally. The American Medical Association commonly used cannabis in tinctures, syrups and extracts to treat and cure a huge variety of ailments, always referring to the plant as cannabis or hemp. Around 1910, the U.S. saw a large influx of legal Mexican immigrants fleeing a country torn by civil war. These immigrants brought with them the word "marihuana." This word was largely responsible for the eventual criminalization and demonization of a plant that had been used for centuries by multiple cultures to heal. It was an innocent word in the beginning, until two men hijacked it and used it to turn a nation of people against a plant responsible for the pain relief and curing of so many. William Hearst and Harry Anslinger - two incredibly influential men - decided cannabis was a threat to their plans for power and wealth. Hearst was a newspaper tycoon at the time; he owned several newspapers and also the timber companies that produced the paper on which his publications were printed. Anslinger was newly appointed as the first director of the Federal Bureau of Narcotics, and he had decided that cannabis was a threat to society. The two men (along with a few other famous cohorts) proceeded to launch a massive campaign, using Hearst's newspapers, to convince the public that despite all the evidence to the contrary cannabis was "the most violence-causing drug in the history of mankind," to quote Anslinger. The first order of business in the public demonization of cannabis was to re-brand the plant as "marihuana," and then proceed to falsely connect its consumption to widespread violence and crime. Many people reading the newspapers had no idea that marijuana and cannabis were one and the same; they thought marijuana was a new, terrible drug on the street that needed to be stopped at all costs. The campaign proved to be effective, and in 1937 Congress passed the Marijuana Tax Act which essentially criminalized cannabis. It wasn't only the general public that was misled by this propaganda, however; the AMA also was misled. It was not until the last minute that they realized that marijuana and cannabis were the same and what the implications of this Act would be for the medical community: cannabis would no longer be a viable medicine. By 1941, the last vestiges of cannabis were removed from the U.S. pharmacopoeia and the medicinal qualities of this plant were no longer recognized in the U.S. The downfall of a miracle plant, and all possible because of a simple name change. I think I will negate Hearst and Anslinger's efforts, and return the miracle plant its dignity by calling it what it is: cannabis. - --- MAP posted-by: Jay Bergstrom