Pubdate: Sat, 04 Jun 2016 Source: Winnipeg Free Press (CN MB) Copyright: 2016 Winnipeg Free Press Contact: http://www.winnipegfreepress.com/opinion/send_a_letter Website: http://www.winnipegfreepress.com/ Details: http://www.mapinc.org/media/502 Author: Paul Samyn Page: A6 PRIME TIME Justin Trudeau sits down with Free Press editor Paul Samyn to talk about urgent legislation, First Nations, marijuana... and Stephen Harper PRIME Minister Justin Trudeau sat down with Winnipeg Free Press editor Paul Samyn for an exclusive interview Thursday. The event, held at the Winnipeg Free Press News Cafe, was a fulfilment of promise Trudeau had made to the newspaper. "I was here a few years ago, and one of the promises I made - and it's great when a politician can keep promises - was to come back," said the casually dressed Trudeau. "I'm glad to be here because these kinds of forums, of exchanges, of conversations, are essential for democracy to stay helpful and healthy." In attendance were students from Winnipeg's Children of the Earth High School, which marked its 25th anniversary Friday. Trudeau has made it clear in the past and on Thursday issues involving indigenous youth remain close to his heart. Trudeau's Liberals swept into power last October and are still enjoying a honeymoon with Canadian voters. But there are challenges on the horizon. SAMYN: It's clear Canadians voted for change, and it's clear you're a different prime minister than Stephen Harper. But how are those differences making a difference in the lives of everyday Canadians? TRUDEAU: One of the things that was at the heart of Mr. Harper's economic policy was an idea if you give tax breaks and advantages to the wealthiest Canadians, they will go around creating jobs and profits that will benefit all of society. That's trickle-down economics, and it has never worked. So, one of the foundational things that we did that was different, the very first bill that we put forward in the House of Commons, was to lower taxes for the middle class by asking the wealthiest Canadians to pay a little more. That kicked in as of Jan. 1, so middle-class Canadians have a little more money on their paycheques than they had before. The second big difference that we're going to be bringing in as of July is the Canada child benefit, which is a monthly child benefit cheque that doesn't go to the wealthiest families and goes instead in larger amounts to low-income families and middle-class families, because that's where we need to be investing if you want to grow the economy. When the middle class has money to invest, to grow the economy, when people have an opportunity to join the middle class with good education, with financial support, with a proper process and a government that's concerned with their well-being, we create an economy in which everyone can succeed and everyone does well. SAMYN: Across the street, as you know, is a boxing club. I'm not going to use that to talk about the fisticuffs that nearly sparked in the House of Commons a couple weeks back, but rather to talk about the government's majority muscle and how it's been used. How it's been used on time allocation. How it's been used in some of the things that have been happening in committees. As it relates to electoral reform. As it relates to C-14, the assisted death legislation, and as well as the Air Canada Act (Bill C-10). Those are things that you and the Liberals railed about when the Conservatives did it. Why are you doing much of the same? TRUDEAU: Actually, we're not. We got elected on a platform to get things done for Canadians. And, among other things, the Supreme Court tasked the Parliament of Canada to bring forward a framework for assisted dying. The previous government did absolutely nothing on that for 10 months and then, when we came into power, we had two months to get it done. We turned to the Supreme Court and said: "Could we get a little more time to be able to listen to Canadians, to work on this important issue?" (The Supreme Court agreed to an extension - it expires on June 6.) Canadians expect we have a process that actually allows Canadians who are seeking death with dignity to get the kind of medical help they need. At the same time, Canadians expect government to protect our most vulnerable - and getting that balance right is extremely important. Now, we are very much hopeful we are going to hit that June 6 deadline, because, lacking a framework, Canadians are at risk. So, we put forward a clear series of proposals or processes; we worked to listen to Canadians. There are folks, to our (political) left, who don't think the bill goes far enough - that we should be more permissive in terms of medical assistance in dying. There are folks, to our right, who think the bill goes too far and we should be less permissive on medical assistance in dying and both of those parties are trying to slow down the process. A great example is the Conservatives had the same people get up over and over again to try and drag out the clock, while we're very aware that we have a deadline that we have to try and hit. We've just sent the bill to the Senate. We're hopeful the Senate is going to do it responsibly, but do it quickly, so we can make sure Canadians are being protected. But, Canadians have very little patience for the kinds of partisan games that unfortunately opposition parties have used from time to time. Now, this is not to say we have been without our challenges, and that's why one of the things we did just today (Thursday) was announce that on electoral reform, which we've always said is important to listen to Canadians and to involve all parliamentarians, we've agreed with opposition parties that, fine, maybe Liberals shouldn't have a majority on the electoral reform committee. We said: 'You know what? Let's give the majority to opposition members so we can have a quality discussion about how we can improve our electoral system.' Those are the kinds of things that Canadians expect us to do. And that's exactly what we're doing. SAMYN: There seems to be no reason to rush C-10. For maintenance workers here in Manitoba who are hopeful they could get those high-paying jobs back, they're watching this thing steamroll ahead. The Manitoba government doesn't want it moving ahead, the Quebec government doesn't want it moving ahead, and they're worried that what's happening here is something that, again, is going to favour Quebec and Quebec interests over those in Manitoba. So, why is it moving as quickly as it's moving? TRUDEAU: This idea that there is an unlimited amount of time to pass legislation in the House is simply not true. The opposition parties certainly have no interest in us even passing legislation that they wholly agree with because governments getting things done that people approve of is difficult for an opposition to run against in the next election. The aerospace industry is extremely important for us - and we were able to secure a return of 150 high-paying jobs to here, Manitoba, in the aerospace sector. Now, a number of years ago you lost 400 jobs in that sector and that's something we're definitely working forward to getting back. One hundred and fifty new jobs is a step in the right direction, but, you're right, it's not enough. And that's why we continue to work with the aerospace industry, with companies like Air Canada on one side, Bombardier on (the) other, to try and encourage investments here and the kinds of high-quality jobs that Manitobans and Winnipeggers have demonstrated time and time again they are more than capable and competitive in terms of filling. And we're going to continue working on that, but there aren't any overnight, quick successes or quick fixes. We've been very closely engaged with the Manitoba government, with our Manitoba MPs and we're moving in the right direction. SAMYN: Last week when you were in Winnipeg (for the Liberals' convention), you asked your party to give thanks to Stephen Harper for his service to Canadians. One member of your party, Bob Rae, found that a little hard to stomach. But it was something that we haven't really seen in Canada that often. And I'm wondering, is that an effort on your part to not become as polarizing a figure as Stephen Harper was as prime minister, and, for that matter, as polarizing as your father was when he was prime minister? TRUDEAU: I think very few people understand as well as I do the impact that being prime minister or holding public office can have on one's family. I grew up in it, and now I'm subjecting my kids to that. There are things my family has to give up so that I can do the job that I do. And regardless of what you think of someone's policies, I think it's very Canadian that we do have a level of respect for the work and the office that people hold. SAMYN: It's fair to say the planned legalization of marijuana has created a cloud of controversy. A number of pot dispensaries have popped up, and the application of the law is extremely uneven depending on the city and the province. What responsibility does your government take for that confusion and how can you clear that air? TRUDEAU: I've been very, very clear from the beginning on this. The first time I've ever talked about our platform to legalize and not decriminalize marijuana - and there's a big difference between the two - - is I'm in favour of legalization and not in favour of decriminalization alone, which is a position the NDP and now, apparently, the Conservatives are taking. I'll make it very clear because there are two things that convinced me that legalization of marijuana, of changing our marijuana regime are necessary. One of them is underage Canadians have incredibly easy access to marijuana. In a UN study of 29 advanced developing countries, the No. 1 country for underage access to marijuana in the world was Canada. It's easier for our kids to get their hands on pot than anything else. You can talk about how marijuana may be less harmful than alcohol or cigarettes in some ways, and there's studies to prove that, but there is no question that the developing brain is more vulnerable to the harmful effects of marijuana. So my approach is to say if we legalize marijuana, if we start controlling points of sale, the demand to show proper ID, the same way we do for alcohol or cigarettes, will make it more difficult for young people to get access. And the second thing is that our current system provides billions upon billions of dollars of revenue to criminal organizations, street gangs and gun-runners - it's a massive source of revenue for violence in our streets. So legalizing, getting the point of sale out of the hands of criminals, controlling who we sell it to, will make our system safer for Canadians. Decriminalization does nothing to control the age of who's buying it or who actually gets to make money from selling it. And that's what I have talked about from the beginning. So until we bring in a legalized regime, the current laws on marijuana apply and should be applied. The fact that we are going to make changes to remove the money from criminal organizations and protect our kids needs to be done properly and can't be done randomly or organically the way people are trying to get it done now. SAMYN: On the points of sale - where do you want to go buy your legal marijuana? Shoppers Drug Mart or a Crown-owned agency? TRUDEAU: The fact is, in Canada, the federal government doesn't necessarily decide that on its own. Liquor control is done by the provinces. So, it'll be up to the federal government to create a framework to work with the provinces to figure out what exactly is going to work for different jurisdictions across the country. That's the only responsible way to go about doing this, and, like we said from the very beginning, we're going to do this responsibly. SAMYN: One last cannabis query. You admitted to smoking pot when it was illegal as an MP. When it's legalized, will you smoke it as a prime minister? TRUDEAU: I don't think so. As I've said many times, I am not someone who has a history of using drugs. I lived in Whistler (B.C.) for a few years and was certainly surrounded with a lot of friends who did. But it was just never my thing. I don't drink very much. I don't smoke, never have. I don't even drink coffee because I don't like the jolt that caffeine gives me. And when I told people I don't drink coffee, it made far more of an uproar than it did when I told people I once smoked a cigarette, once smoked a joint. So, the fact is it's my choice that I not do that and we should respect adults' choices, to make their own decisions. SAMYN: I want to talk about the aboriginal issues. You've talked about a new relationship with Canada's First Nations, but in talking about that=C2=85 TRUDEAU: They're not Canada's First Nations. They're First Nations. They're indigenous peoples. SAMYN: Fair enough. You've also, though, raised expectations. The question for you is have you raised expectations beyond what Canada has the fiscal capacity to deal with and to deal with in a time frame that is going to ensure that those who are listening, hoping and praying those promises come true, what happens when they don't? TRUDEAU: A lot of people have talked about the Kelowna Accord that was signed by the previous Liberal government in 2005 - and that represented a $5-billion investment that got cancelled as soon as the government changed in 2006. It represents 10 lost years of investments that were not made in infrastructure, in schools, in social services, in housing, in water treatment, in all sorts of things. But in our budget we put in $8.6 billion over the coming years into indigenous issues, everything from education to water to housing to a broad range of infrastructure so that we could renew the relationship. And one of the things that I've always said, and I think one of the things people know on this, is there is no quick fix. It's not going to be suddenly OK. I think we understand the challenges we're facing were created largely by Canada and the Canadian government over decades - indeed centuries - - and are going to take years to turn around. But I do know, and I feel this every time I have a conversation with an indigenous person right across the country, that there is a tremendous opportunity to start meaningfully down the path of getting it right. That means moving towards parity so indigenous students have the same kind of funding in their schools as non-indigenous Canadians. That access to health care is even right across the country, including indigenous communities. That we start dealing with the boil-water advisories that make Canada seem like a Third World developing country instead of the advanced economy that it is. There are so many things we have to get right as building blocks for fixing a relationship that, yes, we have to move forward meaningfully on, but it's a challenge that will outlive my time as prime minister, no matter how successful I am over the coming years. This is one (area) that Canada needs to engage in. The one thing that inspires and reassures me just about more than anything else is actually talking to young, indigenous individuals and leaders such as yourselves here today from the Children of the Earth High School. You are part of the solution and you have been waiting individually and collectively a long time for a government that was willing to say: "Let us be partners the way that our ancestors committed to. Let us share the responsibilities we have here. Let us walk forward together and let us build opportunities and success for everyone who shares this extraordinary land and that, unfortunately, has not been adequately said or built up over the past years." That's something we're getting started on. (This interview has been edited for length and clarity) - --- MAP posted-by: Matt