Pubdate: Fri, 20 Mar 1998 Source: Rocky Mountain News (CO) Contact: http://insidedenver.com/news/ NO ILLEGAL NEEDLE EXCHANGES THE ISSUE: Legislature won't approve needle exchanges OUR VIEW: Advocates should continue abiding by the law Advocates of needle-exchange programs seem to believe that they are the exclusive possessors of the moral high ground. After a House committee last week voted against changing state law that now forbids possessing drug paraphernalia, Paul Simons of the HIV-prevention group PEERS (People Engaged in Education and Reduction Strategies) called for a campaign of civil disobedience. "One way or another, we will have a needle-exchange program by the end of the year," Simons said. "If we can't do it through quiet, rational dialogue, then we will do it through civil disobedience." He has every right to try, but civil disobedience as a tool of moral suasion succeeds only when it can persuade large numbers of people that the law being protested is unjust. It seldom works when support for the law grows from equally strong moral principles: in this case, that it is wrong to facilitate drug use. Simons and others seem to assume the people who disagree with them are merely pretending to moral principle, but if so, they are making a serious miscalculation. In any case, no one is seriously arguing that there is a fundamental right to provide drug users with hypodermic syringes. In truth, their argument is an argument from expediency. Drug use will occur whether we wish it or not, the argument goes, so society should aim merely to minimize the ill effects. Many people simply do not find this persuasive, knowing as they do that reducing the negative consequences of bad behavior tends to encourage it. Even the arguments for expediencey are weaker than needle-exchange advocates acknowledge. Many such programs, though not all, seem to be successful at reducing disease, but the effect on levels of addiction are unclear at best. That's because it's relatively easy to identify users of intravenous drugs, their partners and their children who are infected with HIV or other diseases through contaminated needles. But there's no way to identify the non-addicts who never begin to inject drugs because they're afraid of disease. Whether needle-exchange programs increase the number of addicts or not, the effect is almost impossible to measure against the broader patterns of social change that affect drug use. The arguments were sufficient, however, to persuade the Denver City Council in December to approve a needle-exchange program with the important proviso that state law be changed to make it legal before the program could begin. Denver District Attorney Bill Ritter was among those who testified in favor of last week's bill, but he and Mayor Wellington Webb have declined to accept Simon's invitation to join him in civil disobedience. "The way I view my obligation as prosecutor, I have to enforce the law," Ritter said. "I can't select only the ones that I like." And Webb spokesman Andrew Hudson said the mayor wouldn't back an illegal operation without Ritter's approval, though his comments suggest the mayor was leaving himself waffling room. "If the district attorney were to take another position, we would consider our options," Hudson said. We encourage both of them to stand by the laws unless or until the laws are changes -- and leave the civil disobedience to others. For more information, call or write: People Engaged in Education and Reduction Strategies (PEERS) 2701 Alcott St. #263 Denver, CO 80211