Pubdate: 31 Oct, 1998 Source: Orange County Register (CA) Contact: http://www.ocregister.com/ Copyright: 1998 The Orange County Register Author: Arthur Brice, Cox News Service NATION'S VOTERS WILL CONFRONT CONTROVERSIAL ISSUES AT POLLs Elections: Initiatives on subjects such as medical marijuana use and same-sex marriage will be decided. Atlanta-When voters nationwide go to the polls Tuesday, they'll do more than elect candidates. In 44 states, voters also will decide 235 ballot initiatives on such wide-ranging issues as medicinal marijuana, campaign finance and animal rights. Voters in Michigan, home state of suicide advocate Dr. Jack Kevorkian, will determine whether that state becomes the second in the nation to allow doctor-assisted suicide. And voters in Alaska and Hawaii will have a say on same-sex marriages. The trend for voters to decide controversial issue directly has increased significantly during the 1990s. This year, citizens initiated 60 ballot questions in 24 states. "It's a general dissatisfaction that people have been expressing about government," said Jennie Drage, a research analyst with the National Conference of State Legislatures, a bipartisan lobbying group. One of the most controversial measures this year involves allowing the legal use of marijuana for medical purposes, which is on the ballot in Nevada, Oregon, Washington and Alaska. A marijuana initiative also could be on Colorado's ballot, depending on a judge's ruling. Proponents of legal use want doctors to be able to prescribe marijuana for the treatment of cancer, AIDS, glaucoma, chronic pain, seizures and muscle spasms. Opponents say there's no credible medical evidence to support legalization. Oregon also is considering a measure that would make possession of small amounts of marijuana a low-level misdemeanor. Voters in Arizona also will consider an initiative to enact voluntary campaign-finance and reporting guidelines. Massachusetts voters will consider a similar measure. Voters in Alaska, Colorado and Idaho will consider measures on term limits for elected officials. "Term limits in the '90s have been up in some shape in every election," said Drage. "Campaign finance has been out a lot in the '90s also. They are two measures that voters tend to pass." Initiatives related to the environment and animal rights also are popular this year. Alaska has measures prohibiting billboards and outlawing the trapping of wolves with snares. In Arizona, voters will weigh in on cockfighting, and Ohio will decide whether to outlaw the hunting of mourning doves. New Jersey will vote on setting aside $98 million a year to preserve open space and farmland. Montana residents will decide whether to ban the use of cyanide in most open-pit gold and silver mining. The poison is prized by miners for its ability to extract gold and silver from rock, but spills that contaminated water sources have caused concern. Oregon environmentalists placed an initiative on the ballot to prohibit many current timber-harvest practices and to impose more restrictive regulations. Abortion, a divisive issue for the past 30 years, is on the ballot in Colorado, where voters will consider measures on partial birth abortions and parental notification. Washington voters also will consider an abortion measure. Another controversial issue - same-sex marriages - will be decided in Alaska and Hawaii. Alaska will vote on a constitutional amendment passed by the Legislature that reads: "To be valid or recognized in this state, a marriage may exist only between one man and one woman." Hawaii, which almost allowed same-sex marriages recently, will consider amending the constitution to give the Legislature authority "to reserve marriage to opposite-sex couples." South Carolina has an initiative to remove the section of the state constitution that outlaws marriages between blacks and whites. According to Drage, the state hasn't enforced that provision since the U.S. Supreme Court ruled a similar law illegal 30 years ago in Virginia. - --- Checked-by: Rich O'Grady