Pubdate: Tue, 24 August 1999 Source: Toronto Star (Canada) Copyright: 1999, The Toronto Star Contact: http://www.thestar.com/ Author: Serge F. Kovaleski, Washington Post Foreign Service, Special to the Star SPECULATION RIFE ABOUT U.S. ROLE IN COLOMBIA Talk Of Military Involvement To Fight Rebels Escalates BOGOTA -- Emblazoned across a recent cover of the weekly magazine Cambio was the headline "Intervention." Its red, white and blue letters were set against the background of a photograph showing a U.S. fighter pilot in his cockpit and at the ready. "Never has there been so much talk about a United States military intervention in Colombia," a note on the cover read. "How close is this possibility?" From newsrooms in Bogota and other regional capitals to towns and rebel camps in the Colombian jungle, speculation is rife about the possibility of a direct U.S. military role in Colombia's escalating conflict with leftist insurgents. "It is totally false, totally crazy, totally in my view irrelevant to the situation," Undersecretary of State Thomas Pickering said during a recent visit to Bogota. "What we are able to do is provide training and equipment so that Colombia is able to confront its own problems." Nevertheless, recent polls show a majority of Colombians surveyed would favour involvement of U.S. forces in the 36-year civil war, which has killed at least 35,000 people and displaced several million others from their homes and livelihoods. The feeling is that people are willing to try anything to end the bloodshed. And although such involvement seems out of the question now, Colombians remember U.S. intervention in Panama, Haiti and Grenada, as well as Washington's role in the Nicaraguan and Salvadoran civil wars. Speculation also has been encouraged during the past month by a burst of reports concerning the U.S. military presence already here. An American De Havilland RC-7 military reconnaissance plane crashed in southern Colombia July 23, killing the crew of five Americans and two Colombians, and the United States began training Colombia's first special anti-narcotics battalion. Then came the back-to-back visits by Pickering, the highest-ranking U.S. diplomat to visit Colombia in nearly a decade, and Barry McCaffrey, the Clinton administration's drug-policy director. Both arrived as the media were reporting that Washington was losing patience with Colombia's faltering peace process. Colombia, which produces about 80 per cent of the world's cocaine, receives $289 million in U.S. assistance annually to fight the drug trade, making it the third-largest recipient of American security aid after Israel and Egypt. The United States has about 240 military personnel in Colombia at any time, none engaged in combat. "That help is concentrated only on drug trafficking," Colombian President Andres Pastrana recently said. "As long as I am president of Colombia, there will be no foreign intervention in this country." Questions among Colombians about a possible intervention have arisen with particular intensity in recent months because the line has faded between Colombia's thriving narcotics trade and the nation's largest rebel group, the Marxist Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC), which earns tens of millions of dollars protecting illicit crops. Faced with what in effect has become a single war, American military authorities fighting cocaine smuggling have started sharing intelligence about the rebels with Colombia's armed forces. WASHINGTON POST - --- MAP posted-by: Jo-D