Pubdate: Tue, 16 Mar 1999 Source: Irish Independent (Ireland) Copyright: Independent Newspapers (Ireland) Ltd Contact: http://www.independent.ie/ Author: James Vicini in Washington AMERICANS NOW THE MOST JAILED PEOPLE ON EARTH THE United States, which already has the largest prison population in the world, may soon surpass Russia as the nation with the highest rate of incarceration, a report showed yesterday. The Sentencing Project, a nonprofit group that advocates sentencing reform, said the United States, with a record 1.8m inmates, was followed by China at an estimated 1.2m and Russia at one million. But the United States appeared likely to overtake Russia within the next year or so for the highest per capita rate of prisoners, Marc Mauer, the group's assistant director, predicted. Numbers released on Sunday by the US Justice Department showed the United States had 668 inmates for every 100,000 residents. The Russian rate was slightly higher, at 685 inmates for every 100,000 residents, Mauer said. He predicted the United States would soon get the top spot because its prison population continued to expand while Russia planned to grant amnesty to some 100,000 inmates, about 10pc of prisoners. "US rates of incarceration are five to eight times those of other industrialised nations,'' Mauer said, adding that the US prison population should exceed 2m by the end of next year. Mauer and other experts have attributed the rising US prison population since the 1980s to various factors, including tough new sentencing laws for violent criminals and drug dealers. The Justice Department's Bureau of Justice Statistics said in its report that the US prison and jail population totalled 1.8m as of June 30, 1998, an increase of 4.4pc or 76,700 inmates from the previous year. The nation's incarceration rate had more than doubled over the past 12 years, the report said. Experts have cited the growing numbers of criminals locked up in the US prison system as a factor in the recent sharp decline in the US crime rate. Many states have adopted laws requiring violent criminals to serve at least 85pc of their sentences, and imposed long prison terms on those convicted of their third crimes. - --- MAP posted-by: Patrick Henry