Pubdate: May 20, 1999 Source: Wall Street Journal (NY) Copyright: 1999 Dow Jones & Company, Inc. Contact: http://www.wsj.com/ Author: ELYSE TANOUYE Page: B2 PHARMACIA'S NEW DRUG COULD PROVIDE DIFFERENT AVENUE TO TREAT DEPRESSION WASHINGTON A new type of antidepressant made by Pharmacia & -UpJohn Inc. is as effective as Prozac in reducing depression and is more effective at improving the social functioning of patients, according to research presented at a psychiatric conference here yesterday. Reboxetine, which is undergoing U.S.regulatory review, could give doctors a different avenue to treat depression. The experimental drug raises levels of norepinephrine, a brain chemical that revs up the brain and is associated with a patient's, drive and vitality. Lower-than-normal levels of norepinephrine are associated with a lack of energy, motivation, and interest in life, all-important symptoms of depression says Christopher Gallen, Pharmacia- Upjohn vice president of clinical research. "By adding vitality and color in an otherwise gray life, we can make a real difference for a lot of people," Dr. Gallen says. The drug is approved in many European countries; Pharmacia & Upjohn officials said they expect a regulatory decision in the U.S. by the third quarter. Prozac and similar drugs affect a different brain chemical, serotonin. The drugs have been widely used in part because they are safer than older generation drugs. But many people have imbalances in other brain chemicals such as norepinephrine. While crowded, the antidepressant market is huge. Pharmacia & Upjohn said Reboxetine, if approved, will be the first antidepressant in the U.S. that specifically boosts norepinephrine levels by blocking its "re-uptake" by cells. The company, based in Bridgewater, N.J., hopes Reboxetine will attract doctors' attention because of this feature, and because it has the same level of side effects as competitors such as Eli Lilly & Co.'s Prozac. Although Reboxetine is intended to increase energy levels in patients, Dr.Gallen says, it is actually quite different from conventional stimulant drugs in that "there's no evidence" that it is addictive, and it takes much longer- about four weeks -to start working. In studies conducted in Europe and Brazil, Reboxetine was compared with a placebo and, in some cases, with Prozac. In one analysis, Reboxetine had higher efficacy than a placebo in three of four short-term studies. And, in another study of patients who were undergoing long-term treatment, 78% were in remission after 12 months, compared with 45% in the placebo group In another study, Reboxetine was as effective as Prozac in treating depression. Yet another study showed Reboxetine was more effecive than Prozac at improving patients' social functioning, which included measures of job interest in hobbies, gregariousness and family relationship quality. In New York Stock Exchange composite trading, Pharmacia & Upjohn shares rose $1.8125 to $54.5625. - --- MAP posted-by: Keith Brilhart