Pubdate: Tue, 03 Aug 1999 Source: Atlanta Journal-Constitution (GA) Copyright: 1999 Cox Interactive Media. Contact: http://www.accessatlanta.com/ajc/ Forum: http://www.accessatlanta.com/community/forums/ Author: Debra Saunders-San Francisco Chronicle END MANDATORY MINIMUMS Harsh Drug Laws Miss The Big Fish (San Francisco) In 1995, a federal judge sentenced Kemba Smith to 24 1/2 years in prison without parole. Smith didn't murder anyone. She didn't beat anyone. She wasn't a major crime figure. She was a black single mother in her 20s with the rotten judgment to have fallen for a violent drug dealer. According to a piece in Emerge magazine, after lying to authorities, Smith was getting ready to cooperate with federal investigators who were after her boyfriend, Peter Hall. But when Hall's dead body was found, the feds used their full force on Smith. She pleaded guilty to three drug charges, including conspiring to help Hall with his 255-kilogram crack trade. Help him, she did, although the 255-kilogram figure includes deals that, supporters maintain, predated their relationship. She thought she'd be sentenced to an extra year in jail, or maybe time served. But thanks to a justice system that doesn't care if the punishment fits the crime, Smith still faces two decades behind bars. Rep. Maxine Waters (D-Calif.) has introduced a bill to end federal mandatory minimum sentences for drug offenses, including possession, distribution, manufacturing and importation. The Republican-led Congress should take a good, hard look at her bill and the problems it addresses. If justice officials were using mandatory minimum laws to go after the big sharks, it would be one thing, but too frequently, these long sentences are used to put minnows away for years beyond a fair sentence. Monica Pratt, spokeswoman for Families Against Mandatory Minimums, explained, ''The more information that you have to trade, the more information you can give to prosecutors to reduce your sentence. The less information you have to trade, the less of a chance you will have to reduce your sentence. So, the federal and state prisons are full of low-level nonviolent drug offenders instead of the drug kingpins.'' Kemba Smith was no angel. She broke a number of laws, including lying to the authorities. She may well have deserved to do jail time --- but not 24 1/2 years. She won't be able to spend time alone with her son until he is in his mid-20s. ''Her case is the perfect example of the lowest person on the totem pole getting the most amount of time,'' Pratt noted. For some critics, the problem with these Draconian sentences may be the money. It will cost close to half a million dollars in today's dollars to keep Smith behind bars. That's not the issue for me. Those dollars are nothing next to the rapacious theft of Smith's young adulthood. For a series of stupid mistakes, she is forfeiting more years of her life than many murderers serve. That rough justice smarts all the more when you figure the role race often plays in this Draconian system. According to Marc Mauer of The Sentencing Project, a group critical of harsh sentencing laws, African-Americans constitute 13 percent of monthly drug users in America --- that stat comes from a federal survey --- yet blacks represent 35 percent of state and federal drug possession arrests and 55 percent of convictions. A federal source confirmed the arrest and conviction numbers. Roughly a third of federal drug inmates are black. I suspect that if a number of white screw-up kids endured these harsh sentences, Congress would have ended mandatory minimums a long time ago. - --- MAP posted-by: Derek Rea